{
    "id": 10328,
    "date": "2026-10-09T15:24:59",
    "date_gmt": "2026-10-09T13:24:59",
    "guid": {
        "rendered": "https:\/\/www.inventus.at\/?page_id=10328"
    },
    "modified": "2026-10-20T22:03:26",
    "modified_gmt": "2026-10-20T20:03:26",
    "slug": "humanoid-robots",
    "status": "publish",
    "type": "page",
    "link": "https:\/\/www.inventus.at\/de\/products\/humanoid-robots\/",
    "title": {
        "rendered": "Humanoid Robots"
    },
    "content": {
        "rendered": "<div data-elementor-type=\"wp-page\" data-elementor-id=\"10328\" class=\"elementor elementor-10328\" data-elementor-post-type=\"page\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-d0f9367 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-min-height elementor-section-items-stretch elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"d0f9367\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" id=\"start\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-60a4a94\" data-id=\"60a4a94\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3641df3 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"3641df3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4e43bff animated-slow elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"4e43bff\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:200}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h1 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">MR Brakes for Humanoid Robots<\/h1>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-11b25d6 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"11b25d6\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-7baab6a animated-slow elementor-invisible elementor-widget elementor-widget-heading\" data-id=\"7baab6a\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-settings=\"{&quot;_animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;_animation_delay&quot;:200}\" data-widget_type=\"heading.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<h2 class=\"elementor-heading-title elementor-size-default\">Holding without power \u2013 by INVENTUS<\/h2>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-50 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-dc21c60 animated-slow elementor-invisible\" data-id=\"dc21c60\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;background_background&quot;:&quot;classic&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;fadeIn&quot;,&quot;animation_delay&quot;:100}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-81fae0b elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"81fae0b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-e330466 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"e330466\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-f24960d elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"f24960d\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-04e7704\" data-id=\"04e7704\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-1e6646d elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"1e6646d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-9851b99 elementor-section-full_width elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"9851b99\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-e4de12e\" data-id=\"e4de12e\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-0136dee\" data-id=\"0136dee\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-693a160 elementor-widget__width-initial elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"693a160\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-inner-section elementor-element elementor-element-c5f45ca elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c5f45ca\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\" id=\"inventus-product-sidebar\" data-settings=\"{&quot;motion_fx_motion_fx_scrolling&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;motion_fx_opacity_effect&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;motion_fx_opacity_range&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;%&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:&quot;&quot;,&quot;sizes&quot;:{&quot;start&quot;:0,&quot;end&quot;:7}},&quot;sticky&quot;:&quot;top&quot;,&quot;sticky_offset&quot;:24,&quot;sticky_parent&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;motion_fx_opacity_level&quot;:{&quot;unit&quot;:&quot;px&quot;,&quot;size&quot;:5,&quot;sizes&quot;:[]},&quot;sticky_offset_tablet&quot;:24,&quot;sticky_offset_mobile&quot;:0,&quot;motion_fx_opacity_direction&quot;:&quot;out-in&quot;,&quot;motion_fx_devices&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;mobile&quot;],&quot;sticky_on&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;mobile&quot;],&quot;sticky_effects_offset&quot;:0,&quot;sticky_anchor_link_offset&quot;:0}\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-inner-column elementor-element elementor-element-17d74f2\" data-id=\"17d74f2\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\" data-settings=\"{&quot;motion_fx_motion_fx_scrolling&quot;:&quot;yes&quot;,&quot;motion_fx_range&quot;:&quot;page&quot;,&quot;animation&quot;:&quot;none&quot;,&quot;motion_fx_devices&quot;:[&quot;desktop&quot;,&quot;tablet&quot;,&quot;mobile&quot;]}\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-ddf7df3 elementor-align-left elementor-widget__width-inherit inventus-sidebar-btn elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"ddf7df3\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"sidebar-start\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#start\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Humanoid Robots<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-23693c4 elementor-align-left elementor-widget__width-inherit inventus-sidebar-btn elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"23693c4\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"sidebar-challenge\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#challenge\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Challenge<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-3fac85d elementor-align-left elementor-widget__width-inherit inventus-sidebar-btn elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"3fac85d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"sidebar-state\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#state\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">State of the Art<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-0608497 elementor-align-left elementor-widget__width-inherit inventus-sidebar-btn elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"0608497\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"sidebar-solution\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#solution\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Solution<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2793e1c elementor-align-left elementor-widget__width-inherit inventus-sidebar-btn elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"2793e1c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"sidebar-technology\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#technology\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Technology<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-734720d elementor-align-left elementor-widget__width-inherit inventus-sidebar-btn elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"734720d\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"sidebar-comparison\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#comparison\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Comparison<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-2a79e6c elementor-align-left elementor-widget__width-inherit inventus-sidebar-btn elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"2a79e6c\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"sidebar-safety\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#safety\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Integration &amp; Safety<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-30df4d7 elementor-align-left elementor-widget__width-inherit inventus-sidebar-btn elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"30df4d7\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"sidebar-hand\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#hand\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Robot Hand<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-4c589c1 elementor-align-left elementor-widget__width-inherit inventus-sidebar-btn elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"4c589c1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"sidebar-proven\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#proven\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Proven in Series<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-dc65bd1 elementor-align-left elementor-widget__width-inherit inventus-sidebar-btn elementor-widget elementor-widget-button\" data-id=\"dc65bd1\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" id=\"sidebar-prospect\" data-widget_type=\"button.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-button-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<a class=\"elementor-button elementor-button-link elementor-size-sm\" href=\"#prospect\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-content-wrapper\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<span class=\"elementor-button-text\">Prospect<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/span>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/a>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-431323f\" data-id=\"431323f\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-5cdd89e elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"5cdd89e\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<style>\n.inv-hr{--red:#96141C;--ink:#2F2F2F;--text:#000000;--muted:#5F5B5B;--line:#CECECE;--soft:#F2F2F2;--border:#333333;font-family:\"opensanshebrew\",\"Open Sans Hebrew\",\"Open Sans\",Arial,sans-serif;font-weight:300;font-size:20px;line-height:30px;color:var(--text);max-width:1140px;margin:0 auto}\n.inv-hr *{box-sizing:border-box}\n.inv-hr img{max-width:100%;height:auto;display:block;border-radius:0}\n.inv-hr h2{font-family:inherit;font-size:32px;line-height:1.2;font-weight:700;color:var(--red);text-align:center;margin:0 0 28px}\n.inv-hr h3{font-family:inherit;font-size:22px;line-height:1.3;font-weight:700;color:var(--ink);margin:0 0 .45em}\n.inv-hr p{margin:0 0 1em}\n.inv-hr strong{font-weight:700}\n.inv-hr a{color:var(--red)}\n.inv-hr .lead{text-align:center;max-width:72ch;margin:0 auto 1em}\n.inv-hr section{padding:69px 0 0;scroll-margin-top:110px}\n.inv-hr .intro{padding:0}\n.inv-hr .facts{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:16px;margin:28px 0 0;background:var(--soft);padding:24px}\n.inv-hr .fact{text-align:center;padding:6px 10px}\n.inv-hr .fact strong{display:block;font-size:32px;line-height:1.15;font-weight:700;color:var(--red);margin-bottom:6px}\n.inv-hr .fact span{font-size:16px;line-height:24px;color:var(--ink)}\n.inv-hr .two{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:36px;align-items:start}\n.inv-hr .three{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(3,1fr);gap:24px}\n.inv-hr .four{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:20px}\n.inv-hr .two>*,.inv-hr .three>*,.inv-hr .four>*,.inv-hr .facts>*{min-width:0}\n.inv-hr .box{background:var(--soft);padding:20px 22px}\n.inv-hr .box p:last-child{margin-bottom:0}\n.inv-hr figure{margin:0}\n.inv-hr figcaption{font-size:16px;line-height:24px;color:var(--red);font-style:italic;text-align:center;margin-top:.6em}\n.elementor-element-dc21c60>.elementor-widget-wrap::after{content:\"\";position:absolute;right:18px;bottom:18px;width:150px;height:30px;background:url(https:\/\/www.inventus.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/eu-ai-generated-label.png) no-repeat center\/contain;pointer-events:none}\n@media (max-width:767px){.elementor-element-dc21c60>.elementor-widget-wrap::after{width:110px;height:22px;right:12px;bottom:12px}}\n.inv-hr .table-wrap{overflow-x:auto;margin:8px 0 18px}\n.inv-hr .two table{min-width:0}\n.inv-hr table{border-collapse:collapse;width:100%;min-width:560px;font-size:16px;line-height:24px}\n.inv-hr th,.inv-hr td{border:1px solid var(--line);padding:9px 12px;text-align:left;vertical-align:top}\n.inv-hr th{background:var(--soft);font-weight:700;color:var(--ink)}\n.inv-hr tr.hl td{background:var(--soft);font-weight:700}\n.inv-hr td.mr{color:var(--red);font-weight:700}\n.inv-hr .note{font-size:16px;line-height:24px;color:var(--muted)}\n.inv-hr .big{display:flex;align-items:baseline;gap:28px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:8px 0 16px}\n.inv-hr .big del{font-size:40px;line-height:1;color:#9A9A9A}\n.inv-hr .big strong{font-size:72px;line-height:1;font-weight:700;color:var(--red)}\n.inv-hr .bars{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(150px,280px) 1fr;gap:8px 14px;align-items:center;margin:10px 0 16px}\n.inv-hr .bars span{font-size:16px;line-height:22px;text-align:right}\n.inv-hr .bar{height:24px;background:var(--line);display:flex;align-items:center;justify-content:flex-end;padding-right:8px;color:var(--ink);font-size:14px;font-weight:700;min-width:70px}\n.inv-hr .bar.mr{background:var(--red);color:#F2F2F2}\n.inv-hr .legend{list-style:none;padding:0;margin:0}\n.inv-hr .legend li{display:flex;gap:12px;align-items:flex-start;margin-bottom:10px;font-size:18px;line-height:27px}\n.inv-hr .sw{flex:0 0 22px;height:22px;margin-top:3px}\n.inv-hr .chain{display:flex;flex-wrap:wrap;gap:10px;align-items:stretch;margin:6px 0 18px}\n.inv-hr .chain div{flex:1 1 180px;background:var(--soft);padding:12px 14px;border-left:3px solid var(--line);font-size:18px;line-height:27px}\n.inv-hr .chain div:nth-child(2){border-left-color:var(--ink)}\n.inv-hr .chain div:nth-child(4){border-left-color:var(--red)}\n.inv-hr .cta{text-align:center}\n.inv-hr .cta p{max-width:72ch;margin-left:auto;margin-right:auto}\n.inv-hr .btn{display:inline-block;background:var(--red);color:#F2F2F2;font-family:inherit;font-size:18px;line-height:1;font-weight:400;padding:12px 24px;border:1px solid #F2F2F2;border-radius:3px;text-decoration:none;margin-top:12px}\n.inv-hr .btn:hover{background:var(--ink);color:#FFFFFF}\n@media (max-width:1024px){.inv-hr{font-size:18px;line-height:27px}.inv-hr h2{font-size:28px}}\n@media (max-width:900px){.inv-hr .two,.inv-hr .three,.inv-hr .four,.inv-hr .facts{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}}\n@media (max-width:600px){.inv-hr{font-size:16px;line-height:24px}.inv-hr h2{font-size:25px}.inv-hr h3{font-size:20px}.inv-hr .two,.inv-hr .three,.inv-hr .four,.inv-hr .facts{grid-template-columns:1fr}.inv-hr .bars{grid-template-columns:1fr}.inv-hr .bars span{text-align:left}.inv-hr .big strong{font-size:56px}}\n\n\/* USP block *\/\n.inv-hr .usp{position:relative;overflow:hidden;background:var(--red);color:#F2F2F2;padding:34px 36px 30px;margin:0 0 40px}\n.inv-hr .usp::before{content:\"\";position:absolute;right:-90px;top:-110px;width:320px;height:320px;border:46px solid rgba(255,255,255,.07);border-radius:50%;pointer-events:none}\n.inv-hr .usp>*{position:relative}\n.inv-hr .usp .seal{position:absolute;right:0;top:0;display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;border:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.75);border-radius:3px;padding:7px 12px;font-size:13px;line-height:16px;letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:700;color:#FFFFFF;white-space:nowrap}\n.inv-hr .usp .seal svg{width:16px;height:16px;flex:0 0 16px}\n.inv-hr .usp .kicker{display:block;font-size:13px;line-height:18px;letter-spacing:.18em;text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:700;color:#F2F2F2;opacity:.85;margin:0 0 12px;padding-right:220px}\n.inv-hr .usp .claim{font-size:30px;line-height:1.2;font-weight:700;color:#FFFFFF;margin:0 0 12px;max-width:30ch}\n.inv-hr .usp .sub{font-size:20px;line-height:30px;font-weight:300;color:#F2F2F2;max-width:66ch;margin:0 0 16px}\n.inv-hr .usp .usp-line{display:inline-block;max-width:100%;background:#FFFFFF;color:var(--red);font-size:20px;line-height:28px;font-weight:400;padding:11px 18px;margin:0 0 26px}\n.inv-hr .usp .usp-line strong{color:var(--red);font-weight:700}\n.inv-hr .usp .sub strong{color:#FFFFFF}\n.inv-hr .usp .pillars{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:18px;border-top:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.35);padding-top:22px}\n.inv-hr .usp .pillar{min-width:0;padding-right:14px;border-right:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.25)}\n.inv-hr .usp .pillar:last-child{border-right:0;padding-right:0}\n.inv-hr .usp .pillar strong{display:block;font-size:30px;line-height:1.1;font-weight:700;color:#FFFFFF;margin:0 0 6px;white-space:nowrap}\n.inv-hr .usp .pillar span{display:block;font-size:15px;line-height:22px;color:#F2F2F2}\n.inv-hr .usp .tested{display:inline-block;margin-top:12px;font-size:14px;line-height:18px;font-weight:700;color:var(--red);background:#FFFFFF;text-decoration:none;border:1px solid #FFFFFF;border-radius:3px;padding:7px 12px;transition:background .15s,color .15s,border-color .15s}\n.inv-hr .usp .tested:hover,.inv-hr .usp .tested:focus-visible{background:var(--ink);border-color:var(--ink);color:#FFFFFF}\n.inv-hr a.tlink{display:inline-block;font-size:13px;line-height:18px;font-weight:700;font-style:normal;color:#F2F2F2;background:var(--red);text-decoration:none;border:1px solid var(--red);border-radius:3px;padding:3px 10px;margin-left:8px;white-space:nowrap;vertical-align:middle;transition:background .15s,color .15s,border-color .15s}\n.inv-hr a.tlink:hover,.inv-hr a.tlink:focus-visible{background:var(--ink);border-color:var(--ink);color:#FFFFFF}\n.inv-hr .box a.tlink{display:table;margin:12px auto 0}\n@media (max-width:1024px){.inv-hr .usp .claim{font-size:27px}}\n@media (max-width:900px){.inv-hr .usp{padding:28px 28px 24px}.inv-hr .usp .pillars{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}.inv-hr .usp .pillar:nth-child(2){border-right:0}}\n@media (max-width:600px){.inv-hr .usp{padding:22px 20px 20px}.inv-hr .usp .seal{position:static;margin:0 0 14px}.inv-hr .usp .kicker{padding-right:0}.inv-hr .usp .claim{font-size:24px}.inv-hr .usp .sub{font-size:17px;line-height:26px}.inv-hr .usp .usp-line{display:block;font-size:17px;line-height:25px;padding:10px 14px}.inv-hr .usp .pillars{grid-template-columns:1fr;gap:16px}.inv-hr .usp .pillar{border-right:0;padding-right:0;border-bottom:1px solid rgba(255,255,255,.25);padding-bottom:14px}.inv-hr .usp .pillar:last-child{border-bottom:0;padding-bottom:0}}\n\n\/* Interactive MR simulation *\/\n.inv-hr .mrsim{background:var(--soft);padding:22px 24px 18px;margin:0 0 32px}\n.inv-hr .mrsim-head{display:flex;flex-direction:column;align-items:flex-start;gap:12px;margin:0 0 14px}\n.inv-hr .mrsim-head h3{margin:0}\n.inv-hr .mrsim .kicker{display:block;font-size:13px;line-height:18px;letter-spacing:.16em;text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:700;color:var(--red);margin:0 0 4px}\n.inv-hr .mrsim-stats{display:flex;gap:12px 22px;flex-wrap:wrap}\n.inv-hr .mrsim-stats div{min-width:0}\n.inv-hr .mrsim-stats span{display:block;font-size:13px;line-height:18px;color:var(--muted)}\n.inv-hr .mrsim-stats strong{display:block;font-size:20px;line-height:26px;font-weight:700;color:var(--red);white-space:nowrap}\n.inv-hr .mrsim-canvas{display:block;width:100%;background:#FFFFFF;border:1px solid var(--line);touch-action:pan-y}\n.inv-hr .mrsim-ctrl{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr auto;gap:8px 24px;align-items:center;margin:14px 0 0}\n.inv-hr .mrsim-ctrl label{grid-column:1\/-1;font-size:16px;line-height:22px;font-weight:700;color:var(--ink);margin:0}\n.inv-hr .mrsim-range{display:flex;align-items:center;gap:12px;font-size:14px;line-height:18px;color:var(--muted)}\n.inv-hr .mrsim-range input{flex:1;min-width:0;accent-color:var(--red);height:28px;margin:0;cursor:pointer}\n.inv-hr .mrsim-pulse{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;font-family:inherit;font-size:15px;line-height:1;font-weight:400;background:var(--red);color:#F2F2F2;border:1px solid var(--red);border-radius:3px;padding:11px 16px;cursor:pointer;white-space:nowrap;transition:background .15s,color .15s,border-color .15s}\n.inv-hr .mrsim-pulse svg{width:14px;height:14px;flex:0 0 14px}\n.inv-hr .mrsim-pulse:hover,.inv-hr .mrsim-pulse:focus-visible,.inv-hr .mrsim-pulse.on{background:var(--ink);border-color:var(--ink);color:#FFFFFF}\n.inv-hr .mrsim-pulse.on svg{display:none}\n.inv-hr .mrsim-cap{font-size:16px;line-height:24px;color:var(--muted);margin:14px 0 0}\n@media (max-width:600px){.inv-hr .mrsim{padding:16px 14px 14px}.inv-hr .mrsim-ctrl{grid-template-columns:1fr}.inv-hr .mrsim-pulse{width:100%;justify-content:center;white-space:normal}.inv-hr .mrsim-stats{gap:14px}.inv-hr .mrsim-stats strong{font-size:18px}}\n\n\/* Interactive buttons *\/\n.inv-hr .ibtn{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;font-family:inherit;font-size:15px;line-height:1;font-weight:400;background:var(--red);color:#F2F2F2;border:1px solid var(--red);border-radius:3px;padding:11px 16px;cursor:pointer;white-space:nowrap;text-decoration:none;transition:background .15s,color .15s,border-color .15s}\n.inv-hr .ibtn svg{width:14px;height:14px;flex:0 0 14px}\n.inv-hr .ibtn:hover,.inv-hr .ibtn:focus-visible{background:var(--ink);border-color:var(--ink);color:#FFFFFF}\n.inv-hr .ibtn-ghost{background:#FFFFFF;color:var(--red)}\n\n\/* Proof cards (real tests) *\/\n.inv-hr .proof{display:grid;grid-template-columns:minmax(150px,230px) 1fr;gap:0;align-items:stretch;background:#FFFFFF;border:1px solid var(--border);text-decoration:none;color:var(--text);margin:22px 0 0;transition:box-shadow .15s,border-color .15s}\n.inv-hr .proof:hover,.inv-hr .proof:focus-visible{border-color:var(--red);box-shadow:0 6px 24px rgba(0,0,0,.14)}\n.inv-hr .proof-media{position:relative;display:block;min-height:150px;overflow:hidden;background:#000}\n.inv-hr .proof-media img{position:absolute;inset:0;width:100%;height:100%;object-fit:cover;display:block;transition:transform .3s}\n.inv-hr .proof:hover .proof-media img{transform:scale(1.04)}\n.inv-hr .proof-play{position:absolute;left:50%;top:50%;width:56px;height:56px;margin:-28px 0 0 -28px;border-radius:50%;background:var(--red);box-shadow:0 2px 10px rgba(0,0,0,.35)}\n.inv-hr .proof-play::after{content:\"\";position:absolute;left:22px;top:17px;border-style:solid;border-width:11px 0 11px 18px;border-color:transparent transparent transparent #FFFFFF}\n.inv-hr .proof-tag{position:absolute;left:10px;top:10px;background:rgba(47,47,47,.9);color:#F2F2F2;font-size:11px;line-height:16px;letter-spacing:.12em;text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:700;padding:3px 8px}\n.inv-hr .proof-body{display:flex;flex-direction:column;justify-content:center;gap:6px;padding:18px 22px}\n.inv-hr .proof-kicker{font-size:12px;line-height:16px;letter-spacing:.16em;text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:700;color:var(--red)}\n.inv-hr .proof-body strong{font-size:20px;line-height:1.3;font-weight:700;color:var(--ink)}\n.inv-hr .proof-body span.txt{font-size:16px;line-height:24px;color:var(--muted)}\n.inv-hr .proof-cta{display:inline-flex;align-items:center;gap:8px;align-self:flex-start;margin-top:8px;background:var(--red);color:#F2F2F2;font-size:15px;line-height:1;font-weight:400;padding:11px 16px;border-radius:3px;transition:background .15s}\n.inv-hr .proof-cta::after{content:\"\u2192\";font-weight:700}\n.inv-hr .proof:hover .proof-cta{background:var(--ink)}\n.inv-hr .usp .proof{margin-top:24px;border-color:#FFFFFF}\n.inv-hr .usp .proof:hover{border-color:#FFFFFF}\n.inv-hr .proof.mini{grid-template-columns:1fr;margin:14px 0 0;border:0;background:transparent}\n.inv-hr .proof.mini .proof-media{min-height:120px;aspect-ratio:16\/9;border:1px solid var(--border)}\n.inv-hr .proof.mini .proof-play{width:44px;height:44px;margin:-22px 0 0 -22px}\n.inv-hr .proof.mini .proof-play::after{left:17px;top:13px;border-width:9px 0 9px 14px}\n.inv-hr .proof.mini .proof-body{padding:10px 0 0;gap:4px}\n.inv-hr .proof.mini .proof-body strong{font-size:16px;line-height:22px}\n.inv-hr .proof.mini .proof-cta{font-size:14px;padding:9px 13px}\n.inv-hr .proof.mini:hover{box-shadow:none}\n.inv-hr .proof.mini:hover .proof-media{border-color:var(--red)}\n@media (max-width:600px){.inv-hr .proof{grid-template-columns:1fr}.inv-hr .proof-media{min-height:0;aspect-ratio:16\/9}.inv-hr .proof-body{padding:14px 16px}.inv-hr .proof-body strong{font-size:18px}}\n\n\/* Carrying-cycle chart (SVG) *\/\n.inv-hr .cycle{display:block;width:100%;height:auto;margin:0 0 8px}\n\n\/* Robot comparison *\/\n.inv-hr .robo{background:var(--soft);padding:22px 24px 18px;margin:28px 0 0}\n.inv-hr .robo-head{display:flex;justify-content:space-between;align-items:flex-end;gap:14px 28px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 14px}\n.inv-hr .robo-head h3{margin:0}\n.inv-hr .robo .kicker{display:block;font-size:13px;line-height:18px;letter-spacing:.16em;text-transform:uppercase;font-weight:700;color:var(--red);margin:0 0 4px}\n.inv-hr .robo-ctrl{display:flex;justify-content:center;gap:10px;flex-wrap:wrap;margin:0 0 14px}\n.inv-hr .robo-phases{display:grid;grid-template-columns:repeat(4,1fr);gap:6px;margin:0 0 14px}\n.inv-hr .robo-phases span{display:block;text-align:center;font-size:13px;line-height:18px;font-weight:700;color:var(--muted);background:#FFFFFF;border:1px solid var(--line);padding:7px 6px;transition:background .2s,color .2s,border-color .2s}\n.inv-hr .robo-phases span.on{background:var(--red);border-color:var(--red);color:#F2F2F2}\n.inv-hr .robo-grid{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:18px}\n.inv-hr .robo-panel{background:#FFFFFF;border:1px solid var(--line);padding:0 0 10px}\n.inv-hr .robo-panel.mr{border-color:var(--red)}\n.inv-hr .robo-title{display:flex;flex-direction:column;padding:10px 14px 8px;border-bottom:1px solid var(--line)}\n.inv-hr .robo-panel.mr .robo-title{border-bottom-color:var(--red)}\n.inv-hr .robo-title strong{font-size:17px;line-height:22px;font-weight:700;color:var(--ink)}\n.inv-hr .robo-panel.mr .robo-title strong{color:var(--red)}\n.inv-hr .robo-title span{font-size:13px;line-height:18px;color:var(--muted)}\n.inv-hr .robo canvas{display:block;width:100%}\n.inv-hr .robo-stats{display:grid;grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;gap:6px 14px;padding:10px 14px 0}\n.inv-hr .robo-stats span{display:block;font-size:11px;line-height:15px;color:var(--muted);white-space:nowrap}\n.inv-hr .robo-stats strong{display:block;font-size:24px;line-height:28px;font-weight:700;color:var(--ink);white-space:nowrap}\n.inv-hr .robo-stats small{display:block;font-size:12px;line-height:16px;font-weight:400;color:var(--muted)}\n.inv-hr .robo-panel.mr .robo-stats strong{color:var(--red)}\n.inv-hr .robo-cap{font-size:16px;line-height:24px;color:var(--muted);margin:14px 0 0}\n.inv-hr .robo-save{text-align:center;font-size:20px;line-height:28px;font-weight:700;color:var(--red);margin:10px 0 0;min-height:28px}\n@media (max-width:900px){.inv-hr .robo-grid{grid-template-columns:1fr}}\n@media (max-width:600px){.inv-hr .robo{padding:16px 14px 14px}.inv-hr .robo-phases{grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr}.inv-hr .robo-ctrl .ibtn{flex:1 1 auto;justify-content:center}}\n\n\/* Sidebar (product navigation) *\/\n#inventus-product-sidebar>.elementor-container>.elementor-column>.elementor-widget-wrap{border:0 !important;border-radius:0 !important;padding:0 !important;background:transparent}\n#inventus-product-sidebar .elementor-widget{margin-bottom:0 !important}\n#inventus-product-sidebar .elementor-widget-button .elementor-button-wrapper{text-align:left}\n#inventus-product-sidebar .elementor-button{display:block;width:100%;text-align:left;background:transparent !important;border-radius:0 !important;padding:9px 16px 9px 13px !important;border:0;border-left:3px solid transparent;font-family:\"opensanshebrew\",\"Open Sans Hebrew\",Arial,sans-serif;font-size:18px;line-height:1.3;font-weight:400;color:#2F2F2F;text-decoration:none;transition:color .15s,border-color .15s,background .15s}\n#inventus-product-sidebar .elementor-button .elementor-button-content-wrapper{justify-content:flex-start}\n#inventus-product-sidebar .elementor-button .elementor-button-text{color:inherit;font-weight:inherit;font-size:inherit;line-height:inherit}\n#inventus-product-sidebar .elementor-button:hover,#inventus-product-sidebar .elementor-button:focus-visible{color:#96141C;border-left-color:#96141C;background:#F2F2F2 !important}\n#inventus-product-sidebar .elementor-button.inv-active{color:#96141C;font-weight:700;border-left-color:#96141C}\n#inventus-product-sidebar #sidebar-start .elementor-button{font-size:22px;line-height:1.25;font-weight:700;color:#96141C;padding:16px 16px 12px !important;border-left:0;border-bottom:2px solid #96141C;margin:0 0 8px}\n#inventus-product-sidebar #sidebar-start .elementor-button:hover{background:transparent !important}\n<\/style>\n\n<div class=\"inv-hr\">\n\n<div class=\"usp\">\n<span class=\"seal\"><svg viewbox=\"0 0 16 16\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"currentColor\" stroke-width=\"1.6\" stroke-linecap=\"round\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\"><path d=\"M8 1.5 13.5 3.5v4c0 3.2-2.3 5.6-5.5 7-3.2-1.4-5.5-3.8-5.5-7v-4z\"\/><path d=\"m5.5 8 1.8 1.8L10.8 6\"\/><\/svg>Patented worldwide<\/span>\n<span class=\"kicker\">The INVENTUS USP for humanoid robots<\/span>\n<p class=\"claim\">Holds at 0 W. Reacts in under 1&nbsp;ms. Yields instead of breaking.<\/p>\n<p class=\"sub\">No motor, gearbox or spring-applied brake can do all three. The INVENTUS MR brake does \u2013 <strong>in one component, at a fifth of the installation volume<\/strong>.<\/p>\n<p class=\"usp-line\">Developed and patented by INVENTUS \u2013 <strong>a capability no one else offers.<\/strong><\/p>\n<div class=\"pillars\">\n<div class=\"pillar\"><strong>0 W<\/strong><span>holding torque without any current \u2013 permanent or switchable magnet<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pillar\"><strong>&lt; 1&nbsp;ms<\/strong><span>MR effect response \u2013 torque dosed steplessly from 0 to 100 %<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pillar\"><strong>319 Nm\/L<\/strong><span>torque per volume without gearbox \u2013 4.6\u00d7 a spring-applied holding brake<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"pillar\"><strong>2027<\/strong><span>automotive series production starts \u2013 proven over 2 million km in steer-by-wire<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<a class=\"proof\" href=\"https:\/\/www.inventus.at\/de\/inventus-mr-brake-wpa\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n<span class=\"proof-media\"><img decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inventus.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/12\/WP-A-Abmessung-9108-klein-e1737644164480.jpg\" alt=\"Measuring the outer diameter of the INVENTUS MR brake WP (A) with a calliper\" loading=\"lazy\"><span class=\"proof-tag\">Real hardware<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"proof-body\"><span class=\"proof-kicker\">Measured, not simulated<\/span><strong>Every WP value on this page comes from a built and tested brake<\/strong><span class=\"txt\">Dimensions, mass, basic friction, torque at 0.5\u20133 A, dynamic stops and the pulse test \u2013 documented with photos and videos on our test page.<\/span><span class=\"proof-cta\">Open the test page<\/span><\/span>\n<\/a>\n<\/div>\n\n<div class=\"intro\">\n<p class=\"lead\">Humanoid robots spend much of their working time holding: carrying boxes, positioning parts, keeping a pose. For the electric motor, holding is the worst operating point \u2013 it draws current continuously, does no mechanical work and turns all the electrical power into heat. INVENTUS MR brakes take over exactly this job: they hold loads at 0 W, dose torque steplessly and protect gearbox and sensors against overload.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n\n<section id=\"challenge\">\n<h2>Challenge: holding heats the joint<\/h2>\n<div class=\"two\">\n<div>\n<p>Mechanical power is torque times angular speed. When a robot holds a box, the speed is zero \u2013 so is the useful power. The motor still needs current to produce torque, and current in the winding becomes heat: <strong>P = I\u00b2 \u00b7 R<\/strong>. Twice the holding torque means four times the heat.<\/p>\n<p>Peak torque is the sprint, holding is the shift: the datasheet peak is available for seconds. After about 30 seconds the winding heats up and the firmware derates; for minutes, roughly half \u2013 often less \u2013 can be held. The honest question for a humanoid is not how much it can lift, but how long it can hold it.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inventus.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Humanoid-Robot-Carrying-a-Box-ai-label-1.jpg\" alt=\"Humanoid robot carrying a cardboard box in a warehouse\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\"><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"three\" style=\"margin-top:28px\">\n<div class=\"box\"><h3>80\u2013100 \u00b0C<\/h3><p>Typical winding temperature at which firmware reduces torque and payload or pauses the robot.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"box\"><h3>\u2248 80 \u00b0C<\/h3><p>Standard neodymium magnets in the motor can start to lose strength permanently \u2013 far below the Curie point.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"box\"><h3>3 kg \u2192 2 kg<\/h3><p>Payload per arm in simulation vs. real hardware before the wrist motors overheated (FALCON study).<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"margin-top:36px\">Worked example: holding a 23 kg box<\/h3>\n<p>11.5 kg per arm, held 0.34 m in front of shoulder and elbow \u2192 about 38 Nm per joint (11.5 kg \u00d7 9.81 m\/s\u00b2 \u00d7 0.34 m). The motor's holding power depends mainly on the gear ratio:<\/p>\n<div class=\"table-wrap\"><table>\n<tr><th>Gear ratio<\/th><th>Motor torque<\/th><th>Per joint<\/th><th>Four arm joints<\/th><\/tr>\n<tr><td>20 : 1<\/td><td>1.9 Nm<\/td><td>\u2248 160 W<\/td><td>\u2248 640 W<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr class=\"hl\"><td>30 : 1<\/td><td>1.3 Nm<\/td><td>\u2248 70 W<\/td><td>\u2248 285 W<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>50 : 1<\/td><td>0.8 Nm<\/td><td>\u2248 26 W<\/td><td>\u2248 100 W<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>100 : 1<\/td><td>0.4 Nm<\/td><td>\u2248 6 W<\/td><td>\u2248 26 W<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/table><\/div>\n<p class=\"note\">Holding power \u2248 (joint torque \u00f7 (ratio \u00d7 k<sub>m<\/sub>))\u00b2, k<sub>m<\/sub> = 0.15 Nm\/\u221aW (typical inrunner, 70\u201385 mm); friction and electronics losses neglected. High ratios reduce holding power but cost efficiency, back-drivability and robustness against impacts. Sources: industry article \"Thermal Management\" (LinkedIn, 09\/2026); Zhang et al., FALCON, arXiv:2505.06776.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n\n<section id=\"state\">\n<h2>State of the art: cooling, gearing \u2013 or an on\/off brake<\/h2>\n<div class=\"two\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"table-wrap\"><table>\n<tr><th>Today's workaround<\/th><th>Its price<\/th><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Heat into the structure<\/td><td>Hot surface, more mass<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Phase-change material<\/td><td>Mass, needs time to recover<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Liquid cooling<\/td><td>Pumps, leaks, maintenance, cost<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Thermal software<\/td><td>Throttles performance<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Very high gear ratio<\/td><td>Friction, poor back-drivability<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr class=\"hl\"><td>MR brake while holding<\/td><td>No current \u2013 no heat<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/table><\/div>\n<p>Spring-applied holding brakes also hold at 0 W \u2013 but only on\/off. They are designed for standstill and emergency stop, engage with a jolt and need current to stay open while the arm moves.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inventus.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Car-Driving-Uphill-Side-View-ai-label-1.jpg\" alt=\"Car parked on a slope, held by its brake \u2013 analogy for holding without energy\" width=\"1200\" height=\"675\">\n<figcaption>Everyone knows it from the car: clutch and throttle burn fuel and heat the clutch \u2013 the handbrake holds as long as needed, without energy. Today the robot arm holds its load \"with clutch and throttle\". The MR brake is the handbrake of the robot joint.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<section id=\"solution\">\n<h2>Solution: a second torque path in the joint<\/h2>\n<p class=\"lead\">The INVENTUS MR brake sits as a parallel path between joint output and housing. It replaces neither motor nor gearbox \u2013 it takes over exactly what the electric motor is physically bad at.<\/p>\n<div class=\"three\">\n<div class=\"box\"><h3>Move \u2013 motor and gearbox<\/h3><p>Accelerate, position, do mechanical work.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"box\"><h3>Hold \u2013 MR brake<\/h3><p>Hold the load without motor current \u2013 0 W with permanent magnet.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"box\"><h3>Yield \u2013 MR brake<\/h3><p>Slip in a controlled way under overload instead of blocking \u2013 nothing breaks.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"two\" style=\"margin-top:36px;align-items:center\">\n<div>\n<h3>With the MR brake engaged<\/h3>\n<div class=\"big\"><del>285 W<\/del><strong>0 W<\/strong><\/div>\n<p>The MR brake carries the load mechanically \u2013 like the handbrake of a vehicle. The motor controller ramps the current to zero: no holding power, no heat, no thermal derating. (Example: four arm joints, gear ratio 30 : 1.)<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inventus.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Humanoid-Robot-Close-up-View-of-upper-Arm-ai-label-1.jpg\" alt=\"Cutaway of a robot arm joint: motor, gearbox and a glowing MR brake in front of the joint output\" width=\"1600\" height=\"900\"><figcaption>Concept visualisation: MR brake between gearbox and joint output.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"margin-top:36px\">One carrying cycle<\/h3>\n<svg class=\"cycle\" viewbox=\"0 0 1200 400\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Power over one carrying cycle: motor only about 285 W while holding, with MR brake about 0 W; the area between is the energy saved \u2013 about 285 Wh per hour of holding\">\n<defs><pattern id=\"inv-hatch\" width=\"10\" height=\"10\" patternunits=\"userSpaceOnUse\" patterntransform=\"rotate(45)\"><rect width=\"10\" height=\"10\" fill=\"rgba(150,20,28,0.05)\"\/><line x1=\"0\" y1=\"0\" x2=\"0\" y2=\"10\" stroke=\"rgba(150,20,28,0.16)\" stroke-width=\"2\"\/><\/pattern><\/defs>\n<text x=\"95\" y=\"40\" font-size=\"24\" font-weight=\"400\" fill=\"#2F2F2F\" text-anchor=\"middle\">Pick up<\/text>\n<text x=\"600\" y=\"40\" font-size=\"24\" font-weight=\"400\" fill=\"#2F2F2F\" text-anchor=\"middle\">Carry and hold \u2013 arms static, robot walks<\/text>\n<text x=\"1105\" y=\"40\" font-size=\"24\" font-weight=\"400\" fill=\"#2F2F2F\" text-anchor=\"middle\">Place<\/text>\n<line x1=\"190\" y1=\"60\" x2=\"190\" y2=\"340\" stroke=\"#B5B5B5\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-dasharray=\"7 7\"\/>\n<line x1=\"1010\" y1=\"60\" x2=\"1010\" y2=\"340\" stroke=\"#B5B5B5\" stroke-width=\"2\" stroke-dasharray=\"7 7\"\/>\n<polygon points=\"215,340 215,150 1010,150 1010,340\" fill=\"url(#inv-hatch)\"\/>\n<line x1=\"0\" y1=\"340\" x2=\"1200\" y2=\"340\" stroke=\"#9A9A9A\" stroke-width=\"2\"\/>\n<path d=\"M0 340 L30 240 L70 130 L110 110 L150 135 L190 150 L1010 150 L1050 125 L1110 105 L1150 140 L1180 340\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#2F2F2F\" stroke-width=\"9\" opacity=\"0.9\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n<path d=\"M0 340 L30 240 L70 130 L110 110 L150 135 L190 150 L198 118 L212 340 L990 340 L1010 150 L1050 125 L1110 105 L1150 140 L1180 340\" fill=\"none\" stroke=\"#96141C\" stroke-width=\"5\" stroke-linejoin=\"round\" stroke-linecap=\"round\"\/>\n<text x=\"600\" y=\"132\" font-size=\"26\" font-weight=\"700\" fill=\"#2F2F2F\" text-anchor=\"middle\">Motor only: \u2248 285 W, all heat<\/text>\n<text x=\"600\" y=\"232\" font-size=\"34\" font-weight=\"700\" fill=\"#2F2F2F\" text-anchor=\"middle\">Energy saved<\/text>\n<text x=\"600\" y=\"270\" font-size=\"24\" font-weight=\"400\" fill=\"#2F2F2F\" text-anchor=\"middle\">\u2248 285 Wh per hour of holding<\/text>\n<text x=\"600\" y=\"316\" font-size=\"26\" font-weight=\"700\" fill=\"#96141C\" text-anchor=\"middle\">With MR brake: \u2248 0 W<\/text>\n<circle cx=\"135\" cy=\"200\" r=\"19\" fill=\"#96141C\"\/><text x=\"135\" y=\"208\" font-size=\"24\" font-weight=\"700\" fill=\"#FFFFFF\" text-anchor=\"middle\">1<\/text>\n<circle cx=\"1065\" cy=\"200\" r=\"19\" fill=\"#96141C\"\/><text x=\"1065\" y=\"208\" font-size=\"24\" font-weight=\"700\" fill=\"#FFFFFF\" text-anchor=\"middle\">2<\/text>\n<\/svg>\n<div class=\"three\" style=\"margin-top:18px\">\n<p><strong>1 \u00b7 Handover:<\/strong> the brake closes, then the motor current ramps to zero \u2013 the load hangs on the brake.<\/p>\n<p><strong>2 \u00b7 Placing:<\/strong> the brake opens smoothly and without a jolt. If placing is gravity-driven \u2013 i.e. braking \u2013 the MR brake does it itself, with very little current and with fine haptic control.<\/p>\n<p><strong>The longer the hold, the larger the saving.<\/strong> While moving, the brake needs 0 W (switchable magnet) or a few watts (permanent magnet + coil).<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<section id=\"technology\">\n<h2>How the INVENTUS MR brake works<\/h2>\n<div class=\"mrsim\" data-mrsim>\n<div class=\"mrsim-head\">\n<div><span class=\"kicker\">Interactive \u00b7 the MR effect<\/span><h3>Move the slider \u2013 switch the field on<\/h3><\/div>\n<div class=\"mrsim-stats\" aria-live=\"polite\">\n<div><span>Active gap \u00b7 carbonyl iron powder<\/span><strong>&lt; 1 mm<\/strong><\/div>\n<div><span>Magnetic field<\/span><strong data-b data-no-translation data-no-dynamic-translation>0 %<\/strong><\/div>\n<div><span>Braking torque<\/span><strong data-t data-no-translation data-no-dynamic-translation>0.3 Nm<\/strong><\/div>\n<div><span>Coil power<\/span><strong data-p data-no-translation data-no-dynamic-translation>0 W<\/strong><\/div>\n<div><span>Rotor<\/span><strong data-s data-no-translation data-no-dynamic-translation>turning freely<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<canvas class=\"mrsim-canvas\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Schematic animation of the active gap: with increasing magnetic flux the iron particles first form a few short chains, then more and thicker columns that brake the rotor\"><\/canvas>\n<div class=\"mrsim-ctrl\">\n<label for=\"mrsim-field\">Magnetic field (coil current)<\/label>\n<div class=\"mrsim-range\"><span>off<\/span><input id=\"mrsim-field\" type=\"range\" min=\"0\" max=\"100\" value=\"0\" step=\"1\" aria-valuetext=\"0 %\"><span>max<\/span><\/div>\n<button type=\"button\" class=\"mrsim-pulse\" data-pulse><svg viewbox=\"0 0 14 14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path d=\"M8.2 0.5 2.5 8h3.3L5 13.5 11.5 5.6H8.1z\"\/><\/svg><span data-pulse-text data-no-translation data-no-dynamic-translation>Pulse: lock with switchable magnet \u2013 0 W<\/span><\/button>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"mrsim-cap\">Schematic view of the active gap. The coil drives a magnetic field through housing, gap and rotor \u2013 the field lines (arrows) cross the whole gap. The carbonyl iron particles magnetise and line up head-to-tail along the flux: the particles attach to the poles first and the chains grow from N and S towards the middle of the gap until they bridge it; with more field, more and thicker columns \u2013 within &lt; 1&nbsp;ms. The columns transmit shear stress and brake the rotor steplessly; torque rises with the flux up to magnetic saturation. One short pulse re-magnetises a switchable magnet: the brake then holds without any current.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<script>\n(function(){\nvar root=document.querySelector('[data-mrsim]');if(!root||root.getAttribute('data-init'))return;root.setAttribute('data-init','1');\nvar cv=root.querySelector('canvas'),ctx=cv.getContext('2d');if(!ctx)return;\nvar slider=root.querySelector('input[type=range]'),btn=root.querySelector('[data-pulse]'),btnText=root.querySelector('[data-pulse-text]');\nvar outT=root.querySelector('[data-t]'),outP=root.querySelector('[data-p]'),outS=root.querySelector('[data-s]'),outB=root.querySelector('[data-b]');\nvar FONT='opensanshebrew,\"Open Sans Hebrew\",\"Open Sans\",Arial,sans-serif';\nvar T={free:'turning freely',braked:'braked \u00b7 ',speed:' % speed',held:'held',pw0:'0 W \u2013 held by magnet',pulse:'Pulse: lock with switchable magnet \u2013 0 W',locked:'Locked at 0 W \u2013 move the slider to release',stator:'HOUSING (STATOR)',rotor:'ROTOR',heldCap:'HELD',gap:'active gap < 1 mm \u00b7 dry carbonyl iron powder',sat:'saturation',field:'magnetic field'};btnText.textContent=T.pulse;\nvar W=0,H=0,plate=0,mT=0,gapTop=0,gapBot=0,chains=0,slots=0,particles=[],chainInfo=[],field=0,target=0,locked=false,pulse=0,rotorX=0,last=0,visible=true,running=false;\nvar reduce=false;\nfunction rnd(a,b){return a+Math.random()*(b-a);}\nfunction clamp(v,a,b){return v<a?a:(v>b?b:v);}\nfunction chainX(c){return (c+0.5)*W\/chains;}\nfunction build(){var gapH=gapBot-gapTop;chains=Math.max(16,Math.floor(W\/24));slots=Math.max(8,Math.floor(gapH\/7.2));particles=[];chainInfo=[];\n for(var c=0;c<chains;c++){var x=chainX(c);\/* chains nucleate at random field levels, evenly over the whole width *\/var th=rnd(0.04,0.5);var pair=(c%2===0)?1:-1;chainInfo.push({th:th,pair:pair,x:x});\n  for(var s=0;s<slots;s++){var pole=Math.abs((s+0.5)\/slots-0.5)*2;\/* the magnetised particles attach to the poles (N and S) first and the chain grows from both sides towards the middle of the gap *\/\n   particles.push({c:c,s:s,lx:Math.random()*W,ly:gapTop+4+Math.random()*(gapH-8),jx:rnd(-1.2,1.2),r:rnd(2.1,3.2),ph:rnd(0,6.28),th:th+0.46*(1-pole)+rnd(0,0.05),e:0});}}}\nfunction resize(){var r=cv.getBoundingClientRect();var w=Math.max(280,Math.round(r.width));if(!w)return;var h=Math.round(Math.max(230,Math.min(360,w*0.45)));var dpr=Math.min(2,window.devicePixelRatio||1);cv.width=Math.round(w*dpr);cv.height=Math.round(h*dpr);cv.style.height=h+'px';W=w;H=h;ctx.setTransform(dpr,0,0,dpr,0,0);mT=Math.round(H*0.075);plate=Math.round(H*0.135);gapTop=mT+plate+6;gapBot=H-mT-plate-6;build();}\nfunction torqueOf(f){\/* yield stress rises with the field, flattening towards saturation *\/var s=1-Math.exp(-1.6*f);return 0.3+35.6*s\/(1-Math.exp(-1.6));}\nfunction speedOf(f){var tq=torqueOf(f);return Math.pow(clamp(1-(tq-0.3)\/33.5,0,1),1.3);}\nfunction step(dt){var k=locked?12:7;field+=(target-field)*Math.min(1,dt*k);if(Math.abs(target-field)<0.002)field=target;if(pulse>0)pulse=Math.max(0,pulse-dt*3);\n var speed=speedOf(field),gapH=gapBot-gapTop,mv=reduce?0:1;rotorX=(rotorX+speed*dt*120*mv)%40;\n for(var i=0;i<particles.length;i++){var p=particles[i];var on=field>p.th?1:0;\/* snap into the chain quickly (< 1&nbsp;ms in reality), release a little slower *\/p.e+=(on-p.e)*Math.min(1,dt*(on?14:6));\n  var yn=(p.ly-gapTop)\/gapH;p.lx=(p.lx+speed*dt*170*(0.25+0.75*yn)*mv*(1-p.e)+W)%W;p.ly=clamp(p.ly+(Math.random()-0.5)*dt*14*speed*mv,gapTop+3,gapBot-3);p.ph+=dt*(1.5+speed*4)*mv;}\n draw(speed);}\nfunction arrowHead(x,tip,size){ctx.beginPath();ctx.moveTo(x,tip);ctx.lineTo(x-size*0.6,tip-size);ctx.lineTo(x+size*0.6,tip-size);ctx.closePath();ctx.fill();}\nfunction draw(speed){ctx.clearRect(0,0,W,H);var gapH=gapBot-gapTop,x,c,i,p,sTop=mT,sBot=mT+plate,rTop=H-mT-plate,rBot=H-mT;\n \/* field lines: vertical, evenly over the whole width, through housing, gap and rotor *\/\n if(field>0.015){var a=0.2+0.7*field,lw=0.8+2*field,hs=5+6*field;\n  for(c=0;c<chains;c+=2){x=chainX(c);\n   ctx.strokeStyle='rgba(45,127,214,'+a.toFixed(3)+')';ctx.fillStyle=ctx.strokeStyle;ctx.lineWidth=lw;ctx.lineCap='butt';\n   ctx.beginPath();ctx.moveTo(x,1);ctx.lineTo(x,sTop);ctx.stroke();ctx.beginPath();ctx.moveTo(x,sBot);ctx.lineTo(x,rTop);ctx.stroke();ctx.beginPath();ctx.moveTo(x,rBot);ctx.lineTo(x,H-hs-1);ctx.stroke();\n   arrowHead(x,sTop+hs*0.2,hs);arrowHead(x,H-1,hs);\n   }}\n \/* plates *\/\n ctx.fillStyle='#2F2F2F';ctx.globalAlpha=field>0.015?0.92:1;ctx.fillRect(0,sTop,W,plate);ctx.fillRect(0,rTop,W,plate);ctx.globalAlpha=1;\n ctx.save();ctx.beginPath();ctx.rect(0,rTop,W,plate);ctx.clip();ctx.strokeStyle='rgba(255,255,255,0.18)';ctx.lineWidth=6;for(x=-40+rotorX;x<W+40;x+=40){ctx.beginPath();ctx.moveTo(x,rBot);ctx.lineTo(x+plate,rTop);ctx.stroke();}ctx.restore();\n ctx.save();ctx.beginPath();ctx.rect(0,sTop,W,plate);ctx.clip();ctx.strokeStyle='rgba(255,255,255,0.10)';ctx.lineWidth=6;for(x=-40;x<W+40;x+=40){ctx.beginPath();ctx.moveTo(x,sBot);ctx.lineTo(x+plate,sTop);ctx.stroke();}ctx.restore();\n \/* field lines continue through the plates (lighter) *\/\n if(field>0.015){ctx.strokeStyle='rgba(140,195,255,'+(0.28+0.55*field).toFixed(3)+')';ctx.lineWidth=0.8+2*field;for(c=0;c<chains;c+=2){x=chainX(c);ctx.beginPath();ctx.moveTo(x,sTop);ctx.lineTo(x,sBot);ctx.stroke();ctx.beginPath();ctx.moveTo(x,rTop);ctx.lineTo(x,rBot);ctx.stroke();}}\n \/* labels *\/\n ctx.textBaseline='middle';ctx.textAlign='left';ctx.fillStyle='#F2F2F2';ctx.font='700 13px '+FONT;ctx.fillText(T.stator,14,sTop+plate\/2);ctx.fillText(T.rotor,14,rTop+plate\/2);\n var ry=rTop+plate\/2,len=8+72*speed,gapA=Math.max(110,W\/6);ctx.strokeStyle='rgba(242,242,242,'+(0.45+0.55*speed).toFixed(3)+')';ctx.fillStyle=ctx.strokeStyle;ctx.lineWidth=2;ctx.lineCap='butt';\n if(speed>0.02){for(x=W-30;x-len>96;x-=gapA){ctx.beginPath();ctx.moveTo(x-len,ry);ctx.lineTo(x,ry);ctx.stroke();ctx.beginPath();ctx.moveTo(x+3,ry);ctx.lineTo(x-8,ry-5);ctx.lineTo(x-8,ry+5);ctx.closePath();ctx.fill();}}\n else{ctx.fillStyle='#F2F2F2';ctx.textAlign='right';ctx.font='700 12px '+FONT;ctx.fillText(T.heldCap,W-14,ry);ctx.textAlign='left';}\n if(field>0.05){ctx.fillStyle='rgba(242,242,242,'+field.toFixed(3)+')';ctx.font='700 16px '+FONT;ctx.textAlign='center';ctx.fillText('N',W\/2,sTop+plate\/2);ctx.fillText('S',W\/2,rTop+plate\/2);ctx.textAlign='left';\n  ctx.font='800 12px '+FONT;var tw=ctx.measureText(T.field).width;ctx.fillStyle='rgba(255,255,255,0.92)';ctx.fillRect(W\/2-tw\/2-8,1,tw+16,Math.max(14,mT-2));ctx.fillStyle='#2D7FD6';ctx.textAlign='center';ctx.fillText(T.field,W\/2,Math.max(8,mT*0.5));ctx.textAlign='left';}\n \/* particles: loose ones grey, chained ones red; chained neighbours get a bond (column) *\/\n var spacing=W\/chains,pairShift=clamp((field-0.62)\/0.38,0,1)*spacing*0.33;\n for(i=0;i<particles.length;i++){p=particles[i];var ci=chainInfo[p.c];var e=p.e;var ty=gapTop+(p.s+0.5)*gapH\/slots;var yn=(ty-gapTop)\/gapH;var tx=ci.x+p.jx*(1-e*0.6)+speed*e*18*yn+ci.pair*pairShift*e;var wob=Math.sin(p.ph)*(1-e)*1.5;p.px=p.lx+(tx-p.lx)*e;p.py=p.ly+(ty-p.ly)*e+wob;}\n ctx.lineCap='round';for(i=0;i<particles.length;i++){p=particles[i];if(p.s===0||p.e<0.6)continue;var q=particles[i-1];if(q.c!==p.c||q.e<0.6)continue;var bs=Math.min(p.e,q.e);ctx.strokeStyle='rgba(150,20,28,'+(0.25+0.6*(bs-0.6)\/0.4*field).toFixed(3)+')';ctx.lineWidth=1.2+2.2*field;ctx.beginPath();ctx.moveTo(q.px,q.py);ctx.lineTo(p.px,p.py);ctx.stroke();}\n for(i=0;i<particles.length;i++){p=particles[i];var cr=Math.round(110+(150-110)*p.e),cg=Math.round(110+(20-110)*p.e),cb=Math.round(110+(28-110)*p.e);ctx.fillStyle='rgb('+cr+','+cg+','+cb+')';ctx.beginPath();ctx.arc(p.px,p.py,p.r*(1+0.15*p.e),0,6.2832);ctx.fill();}\n if(pulse>0){ctx.fillStyle='rgba(150,20,28,'+(pulse*0.22).toFixed(3)+')';ctx.fillRect(0,sBot,W,rTop-sBot);}}\nfunction readouts(){var tq=torqueOf(field),pw=locked?0:30*field*field,speed=speedOf(field);outB.textContent=Math.round(field*100)+' %'+(field>0.95?' \u00b7 '+T.sat:'');outT.textContent=(tq<10?tq.toFixed(1):Math.round(tq))+' Nm';outP.textContent=locked?T.pw0:(pw<0.05?'0 W':(pw<1?pw.toFixed(1):Math.round(pw))+' W');outS.textContent=speed>0.9?T.free:(speed>0.02?T.braked+Math.round(speed*100)+T.speed:T.held);slider.setAttribute('aria-valuetext',Math.round(field*100)+' %');}\nfunction loop(ts){if(!running)return;if(!last)last=ts;var dt=Math.min(0.05,(ts-last)\/1000);last=ts;if(visible){step(dt);readouts();}window.requestAnimationFrame(loop);}\nfunction start(){if(running)return;running=true;last=0;window.requestAnimationFrame(loop);}\nslider.addEventListener('input',function(){target=slider.value\/100;if(locked){locked=false;btn.classList.remove('on');btnText.textContent=T.pulse;}start();});\nbtn.addEventListener('click',function(){locked=true;target=1;slider.value=100;pulse=1;btn.classList.add('on');btnText.textContent=T.locked;start();});\nvar rt;window.addEventListener('resize',function(){clearTimeout(rt);rt=setTimeout(resize,120);});\nif('IntersectionObserver' in window){new IntersectionObserver(function(en){visible=en[0].isIntersecting;if(visible)start();},{threshold:0.05}).observe(root);}\nresize();if(!W){setTimeout(resize,300);}start();\n})();\n<\/script>\n<div class=\"two\">\n<p>A rotor and a housing are separated by an active gap of less than 1 mm, filled with dry carbonyl iron powder. Without a magnetic field the powder is loose. With a field, the particles form chains that transmit shear stress: <strong>braking torque = shear stress \u00d7 active area \u00d7 radius<\/strong>. More field means more torque \u2013 steplessly, not just on\/off.<\/p>\n<p>Everyday analogy: vacuum-packed coffee \u2013 loose powder, yet hard as a brick once the air is out. In the MR brake, the magnetic field is the vacuum.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"three\" style=\"margin-top:28px\">\n<div class=\"box\"><h3>Temperature independent<\/h3><p>Powder only, no carrier fluid: no temperature-related change of torque caused by the medium. Usable up to approx. 300 \u00b0C.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"box\"><h3>Pressureless and sealed<\/h3><p>Nothing settles, nothing leaks \u2013 and no abrasion dust as with friction brakes.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"box\"><h3>Minimal base torque<\/h3><p>&lt; 0.3 Nm for the larger WP brakes, &lt; 0.1 Nm for smaller MR brakes \u2013 below 1 % of the holding torque. High efficiency, easily back-drivable, no disturbance of joint torque measurement.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"two\" style=\"margin-top:36px\">\n<figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inventus.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/mr-brake-cross-section-v2.png\" alt=\"Cross-section of the INVENTUS MR brake with housing, rotor, coil, active gap, magnetic circuit, bearings and optional permanent magnet\" width=\"869\" height=\"728\"><figcaption>Cross-section of the INVENTUS MR brake \u2013 colours as in the legend.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<ul class=\"legend\">\n<li><span class=\"sw\" style=\"background:#fff;border:2px solid #8b929c\"><\/span><span><strong>Housing (stator) and rotor<\/strong> \u2013 hatched; the rotor turns with the joint<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"sw\" style=\"background:#e08a1e\"><\/span><span><strong>Coil<\/strong> \u2013 low voltage, a few amps, PWM-controlled<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"sw\" style=\"background:#d93a2b\"><\/span><span><strong>Active gap &lt; 1 mm<\/strong> \u2013 filled with carbonyl iron powder<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"sw\" style=\"background:#eaf3fb;border:2px dashed #4a90d9\"><\/span><span><strong>Magnetic circuit<\/strong> \u2013 closes from rotor across the gap to the stator<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"sw\" style=\"background:#1f7ae0\"><\/span><span><strong>Bearings and seals<\/strong> \u2013 the shaft can be hollow for cables<\/span><\/li>\n<li><span class=\"sw\" style=\"background:#1f4f7a\"><\/span><span><strong>Permanent magnet (option)<\/strong> \u2013 holds at 0 W<\/span><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/div>\n<h3 style=\"margin-top:36px\">Four ways to create the field<\/h3>\n<div class=\"table-wrap\"><table>\n<tr><th>Variant<\/th><th>A \u00b7 Coil only<\/th><th>B \u00b7 Permanent magnet + coil<\/th><th>C \u00b7 Switchable magnet<\/th><th>D \u00b7 Switchable magnet + coil<\/th><\/tr>\n<tr><td><strong>Principle<\/strong><\/td><td>Current sets the torque (0\u20136 A, PWM)<\/td><td>Magnet holds; reverse current cancels the field steplessly<\/td><td>Short pulse (&lt; 1 s) re-magnetises permanently<\/td><td>Pulse-generated field, strengthened or weakened by the coil<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><strong>Holding<\/strong><\/td><td>Current needed (\u2248 30 W at 38 Nm, WP D80)<\/td><td class=\"mr\">0 W<\/td><td class=\"mr\">0 W<\/td><td class=\"mr\">0 W<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr class=\"hl\"><td>Braked motion<\/td><td>Stepless in real time by varying the current<\/td><td>Stepless in real time by varying the current<\/td><td>Stepless in real time by varying the current<\/td><td>Stepless in real time by varying the current<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><strong>Free motion<\/strong><\/td><td>0 W<\/td><td>Coil current to open<\/td><td>0 W<\/td><td>0 W<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td><strong>Power failure<\/strong><\/td><td>Opens<\/td><td>Closes \u2013 like a parking brake<\/td><td>Keeps last state<\/td><td>Keeps last state<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/table><\/div>\n<p>With B to D, the coil additionally strengthens or weakens the magnetic field \u2013 for fine and smooth motion and braking.<\/p>\n<a class=\"proof\" href=\"https:\/\/www.inventus.at\/de\/inventus-mr-brake-wpa\/#pulse-test\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">\n<span class=\"proof-media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inventus.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/mr-brake-wp-pulse-test-video-still.jpg\" alt=\"Pulse test of the INVENTUS MR brake WP in the lab: the brake is clamped in a vice with a torque wrench on the shaft\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\"><span class=\"proof-play\"><\/span><span class=\"proof-tag\">Lab video \u00b7 1:14<\/span><\/span>\n<span class=\"proof-body\"><span class=\"proof-kicker\">Variant C in the lab<\/span><strong>Pulse test: one 200&nbsp;ms pulse, 140 Nm \u2013 held without any energy supply<\/strong><span class=\"txt\">A switchable permanent-magnet element is re-magnetised by a single pulse (\u2248 160 W for \u2248 200&nbsp;ms) and holds \u2248 140 Nm afterwards at 0 W \u2013 measured on the WP brake.<\/span><span class=\"proof-cta\">Watch the pulse test<\/span><\/span>\n<\/a>\n<\/section>\n\n<section id=\"comparison\">\n<h2>Comparison with the state of the art<\/h2>\n<div class=\"robo\" data-robo>\n<div class=\"robo-head\">\n<div><span class=\"kicker\">Interactive \u00b7 one carrying cycle<\/span><h3>Same robot, same box \u2013 with and without MR brake<\/h3><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"robo-ctrl\"><button type=\"button\" class=\"ibtn\" data-play><svg viewbox=\"0 0 14 14\" aria-hidden=\"true\" fill=\"currentColor\"><path data-ico-pause d=\"M2.5 1.5h3v11h-3zM8.5 1.5h3v11h-3z\"\/><path data-ico-play d=\"M3 1.5v11l9-5.5z\" style=\"display:none\"\/><\/svg><span data-play-text data-no-translation data-no-dynamic-translation>Pause<\/span><\/button><button type=\"button\" class=\"ibtn ibtn-ghost\" data-restart>Restart<\/button><\/div>\n<div class=\"robo-phases\" aria-hidden=\"true\"><span>1 \u00b7 Pick up<\/span><span>2 \u00b7 Carry &amp; hold<\/span><span>3 \u00b7 Place<\/span><span>4 \u00b7 Return<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"robo-grid\">\n<div class=\"robo-panel\">\n<div class=\"robo-title\"><strong>Motor only<\/strong><span>holding = motor current = heat<\/span><\/div>\n<canvas data-c=\"0\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Animation: robot carries a box from one conveyor to another with motor-only joints; the joints heat up and the battery drains\"><\/canvas>\n<div class=\"robo-stats\" data-no-translation data-no-dynamic-translation>\n<div><span>Power<\/span><strong data-pw=\"0\">0 W<\/strong><\/div>\n<div><span>Energy \/ cycle<\/span><strong data-en=\"0\">0.00 Wh<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"robo-panel mr\">\n<div class=\"robo-title\"><strong>With INVENTUS MR brake<\/strong><span>holding = 0 W \u2013 the joint cools down<\/span><\/div>\n<canvas data-c=\"1\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Animation: the same robot with MR brakes in the joints; while carrying, the joints need no current and cool down\"><\/canvas>\n<div class=\"robo-stats\" data-no-translation data-no-dynamic-translation>\n<div><span>Power<\/span><strong data-pw=\"1\">0 W<\/strong><\/div>\n<div><span>Energy \/ cycle<\/span><strong data-en=\"1\">0.00 Wh<\/strong><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"note\" style=\"margin:12px 0 0\">All figures refer exclusively to the shoulder and arm joints shown \u2013 the leg joints used for walking are not included. Joint temperature and battery level are shown schematically.<\/p>\n<p class=\"robo-cap\">Both robots run in sync. Picking up and placing cost the same \u2013 the motor does the lifting. While carrying, the four motor-only arm joints keep drawing \u2248 285 W in total (gear ratio 30 : 1) and turn all of it into heat \u2013 and the hotter the windings get, the more power they need for the same torque (copper resistance rises \u2248 0.4 % per kelvin). The MR brakes hold the load at 0 W and the joints cool down.<\/p>\n<p class=\"robo-save\" data-no-translation data-no-dynamic-translation data-save><\/p>\n<\/div>\n<script>\n(function(){\nvar root=document.querySelector('[data-robo]');if(!root||root.getAttribute('data-init'))return;root.setAttribute('data-init','1');\nvar T={pause:'Pause',play:'Play',derate:'Derating!',cool:'cooling',hold:'holding \u2013 0 W',ph:['Pick up','Carry & hold','Place','Return'],save:'Saved per cycle: ',temp:'\u00b0C',bat:'Battery',jt:'Joint temp.'};\nvar FONT='opensanshebrew,\"Open Sans Hebrew\",\"Open Sans\",Arial,sans-serif';\nvar RED='#96141C',INK='#2F2F2F',SOFT='#F2F2F2',LINE='#CECECE',GREY='#8A8A8A',BLUE='#3B7DD8';\nvar CYC=16,PH=[0,2.5,11.5,14,16];\nvar panels=[],t=0,cycle=0,playing=true,visible=true,last=0,running=false;\nvar reduce=false;\nvar playBtn=root.querySelector('[data-play]'),playText=root.querySelector('[data-play-text]'),icoPlay=root.querySelector('[data-ico-play]'),icoPause=root.querySelector('[data-ico-pause]'),phaseEls=root.querySelectorAll('.robo-phases span'),saveEl=root.querySelector('[data-save]');\nphaseEls.forEach(function(el,i){el.textContent=(i+1)+' \u00b7 '+T.ph[i];});\nfunction clamp(v,a,b){return v<a?a:(v>b?b:v);}\nfunction lerp(a,b,k){return a+(b-a)*k;}\nfunction smooth(k){k=clamp(k,0,1);return k*k*(3-2*k);}\nfunction mixc(c1,c2,k){return [Math.round(lerp(c1[0],c2[0],k)),Math.round(lerp(c1[1],c2[1],k)),Math.round(lerp(c1[2],c2[2],k))];}\nvar cGrey=[138,138,138],cRed=[150,20,28],cBlue=[59,125,216];\nfunction rgb(c,a){return 'rgba('+c[0]+','+c[1]+','+c[2]+','+(a==null?1:a)+')';}\n\/* power demand of the four arm joints [W]; the hotter the winding, the more power for the same torque (copper resistance +0.39 %\/K) *\/\nfunction power(tt,mr,temp){return base(tt,mr)*(1+0.0039*Math.max(0,(temp==null?25:temp)-25));}\nfunction base(tt,mr){\n if(tt<1)return 60;\n if(tt<1.4)return lerp(60,250,(tt-1)\/0.4);\n if(tt<2.5)return lerp(250,300,smooth((tt-1.4)\/0.6))-15*smooth((tt-2.0)\/0.5);\n if(tt<11.5){if(!mr)return 285;return tt<2.9?lerp(285,0,smooth((tt-2.5)\/0.4)):0;}\n if(tt<11.9)return mr?lerp(0,285,smooth((tt-11.5)\/0.4)):lerp(285,270,(tt-11.5)\/0.4);\n if(tt<13.2)return lerp(270,200,(tt-11.9)\/1.3);\n if(tt<13.6)return lerp(200,0,(tt-13.2)\/0.4);\n if(tt<14)return 40;\n return 30;\n}\nfunction phaseOf(tt){return tt<PH[1]?0:(tt<PH[2]?1:(tt<PH[3]?2:3));}\n\/* choreography: returns pose for time tt *\/\nfunction pose(tt){\n var p={x:0,face:1,arm:'rest',box:'A',walk:0,lift:0,k:0};\n if(tt<2.5){p.x=0;p.face=-1;\n  if(tt<1){p.k=smooth(tt\/1);p.arm='reach';p.box='A';}\n  else if(tt<1.4){p.k=1;p.arm='reach';p.box='hand';}\n  else{p.k=smooth((tt-1.4)\/1.1);p.arm='lift';p.box='hand';}\n }else if(tt<11.5){var w=(tt-2.5)\/9;p.x=smooth(w);p.face=1;p.arm='carry';p.box='hand';p.walk=w;\n }else if(tt<14){p.x=1;p.face=1;p.box='hand';\n  if(tt<11.9){p.arm='carry';p.k=0;}\n  else if(tt<13.2){p.k=smooth((tt-11.9)\/1.3);p.arm='lower';}\n  else if(tt<13.6){p.k=1;p.arm='lower';p.box='B';}\n  else{p.k=smooth((tt-13.6)\/0.4);p.arm='up';p.box='B';}\n }else{var w2=(tt-14)\/2;p.x=1-smooth(w2);p.face=-1;p.arm='rest';p.box='B';p.walk=w2;}\n return p;\n}\nfunction makePanel(cv,mr){\n var ctx=cv.getContext('2d');\n var P={cv:cv,ctx:ctx,mr:mr,W:0,H:0,temp:25,bat:100,E:0,Elast:0,P:0,dT:0,\n  pEl:root.querySelector('[data-pw=\"'+(mr?1:0)+'\"]'),eEl:root.querySelector('[data-en=\"'+(mr?1:0)+'\"]'),curve:[],live:[]};\n for(var i=0;i<=160;i++)P.curve.push(power(i\/160*CYC,mr));\n return P;\n}\nfunction resize(){panels.forEach(function(P){var r=P.cv.getBoundingClientRect();var w=Math.max(240,Math.round(r.width));if(!w)return;var h=Math.round(Math.max(230,Math.min(330,w*0.72)));var dpr=Math.min(2,window.devicePixelRatio||1);P.cv.width=Math.round(w*dpr);P.cv.height=Math.round(h*dpr);P.cv.style.height=h+'px';P.W=w;P.H=h;P.ctx.setTransform(dpr,0,0,dpr,0,0);});draw();}\nfunction step(dt){\n var tPrev=t;t+=dt;if(t>=CYC){t-=CYC;cycle++;panels.forEach(function(P){P.Elast=P.E;P.E=0;P.live=[];});}\n panels.forEach(function(P){\n  var p=power(t,P.mr,P.temp);P.P=p;var li=Math.min(P.curve.length-1,Math.floor(t\/CYC*(P.curve.length-1)));P.live[li]=p;\n  var kH=0.034,kC=0.16;var dT=p*kH-(P.temp-25)*kC;P.temp+=dT*dt;P.dT=dT;\n  P.E+=p*dt;P.bat=clamp(P.bat-p*dt\/400,0,100);\n });\n}\nfunction tempColor(P){var hot=clamp((P.temp-30)\/60,0,1);var cool=clamp(-P.dT\/1.2,0,1)*(1-hot*0.6);var c=mixc(cGrey,cRed,hot);c=mixc(c,cBlue,cool*0.9);return {c:c,hot:hot,cool:cool};}\nfunction geo(P){var W=P.W,H=P.H,S=W*0.74,floor=H*0.60,u=Math.min(H*1.25,S*0.72),cx=S\/2;return {S:S,floor:floor,u:u,cx:cx,xA:cx-0.32*u,xB:cx+0.32*u,beltY:floor-0.16*u,bw:0.11*u,bh:0.085*u};}\nfunction drawRobot(P,pz,tc,G){\n var ctx=P.ctx,u=G.u,floor=G.floor;\n var rx=lerp(G.xA,G.xB,pz.x),f=pz.face;\n var yB=floor-0.18*u,yT=floor-0.355*u,tw=0.075*u,headR=0.048*u;\n var walk=pz.walk?Math.sin(pz.walk*(pz.arm==='carry'?9:2)*Math.PI*2):0;\n var bob=pz.walk?Math.abs(walk)*u*0.008:0;\n ctx.save();ctx.translate(rx,-bob);\n \/* legs *\/\n ctx.lineCap='round';ctx.lineJoin='round';ctx.strokeStyle=INK;ctx.lineWidth=Math.max(4,u*0.038);\n var hipY=yB,kneeY=floor-0.085*u,ankY=floor;\n [1,-1].forEach(function(side,idx){var sw=pz.walk?walk*side*0.22:0;var hx=side*u*0.022;var kx=hx+f*Math.sin(sw)*u*0.09;var ky=kneeY;var ax=kx+f*Math.max(0,Math.sin(sw))*u*0.03;var ay=ankY-(pz.walk?Math.max(0,Math.sin(sw))*u*0.03:0);\n  ctx.globalAlpha=idx===0?1:0.68;ctx.beginPath();ctx.moveTo(hx,hipY);ctx.lineTo(kx,ky);ctx.lineTo(ax,ay);ctx.lineTo(ax+f*u*0.04,ay);ctx.stroke();});\n ctx.globalAlpha=1;\n \/* torso *\/\n ctx.fillStyle=INK;rr(ctx,-tw\/2,yT,tw,yB-yT,tw*0.3);ctx.fill();\n \/* head *\/\n ctx.beginPath();ctx.arc(0,yT-headR*1.25,headR,0,6.2832);ctx.fill();\n ctx.strokeStyle=P.mr?RED:'#F2F2F2';ctx.lineWidth=2;ctx.beginPath();ctx.moveTo(f*headR*0.1,yT-headR*1.35);ctx.lineTo(f*headR*0.85,yT-headR*1.35);ctx.stroke();\n \/* arms *\/\n var L1=u*0.12,L2=u*0.115,shY=yT+u*0.02;\n var a1,a2; \/* angles from vertical-down, positive = forward *\/\n if(pz.arm==='rest'){a1=-0.12;a2=0.15;}\n else if(pz.arm==='reach'){a1=lerp(-0.12,0.95,pz.k);a2=lerp(0.15,0.35,pz.k);}\n else if(pz.arm==='lift'){a1=lerp(0.95,0.55,pz.k);a2=lerp(0.35,1.45,pz.k);}\n else if(pz.arm==='carry'){a1=0.55;a2=1.45;}\n else if(pz.arm==='lower'){a1=lerp(0.55,0.95,pz.k);a2=lerp(1.45,0.35,pz.k);}\n else{a1=lerp(0.95,-0.12,pz.k);a2=lerp(0.35,0.15,pz.k);}\n var hand=null;\n [0.55,1].forEach(function(al,idx){var sx=f*(idx?tw*0.1:-tw*0.1),sy=shY;var ex=sx+f*Math.sin(a1)*L1,ey=sy+Math.cos(a1)*L1;var hx=ex+f*Math.sin(a1+a2)*L2,hy=ey+Math.cos(a1+a2)*L2;\n  ctx.globalAlpha=al;ctx.strokeStyle=INK;ctx.lineWidth=Math.max(3.5,u*0.03);ctx.beginPath();ctx.moveTo(sx,sy);ctx.lineTo(ex,ey);ctx.lineTo(hx,hy);ctx.stroke();\n  if(idx){hand={x:hx,y:hy};}\n  \/* joints with heat colour *\/\n  [[sx,sy],[ex,ey],[hx,hy]].forEach(function(j,ji){var r=Math.max(3,u*0.026)*(ji===2?0.75:1);\n   if(idx&&(tc.hot>0.05||tc.cool>0.08)){var g=ctx.createRadialGradient(j[0],j[1],r*0.6,j[0],j[1],r*(2.2+2.2*Math.max(tc.hot,tc.cool)));var gc=tc.cool>tc.hot?cBlue:cRed;g.addColorStop(0,rgb(gc,0.45*Math.max(tc.hot,tc.cool)));g.addColorStop(1,rgb(gc,0));ctx.fillStyle=g;ctx.beginPath();ctx.arc(j[0],j[1],r*4.4,0,6.2832);ctx.fill();}\n   ctx.fillStyle=rgb(tc.c);ctx.beginPath();ctx.arc(j[0],j[1],r,0,6.2832);ctx.fill();\n   if(P.mr&&ji<2){ctx.strokeStyle=RED;ctx.lineWidth=1.5;ctx.beginPath();ctx.arc(j[0],j[1],r+2,0,6.2832);ctx.stroke();}\n  });\n });\n ctx.globalAlpha=1;ctx.restore();\n return {rx:rx,hand:hand,bob:bob,f:f};\n}\nfunction rr(ctx,x,y,w,h,r){ctx.beginPath();ctx.moveTo(x+r,y);ctx.lineTo(x+w-r,y);ctx.quadraticCurveTo(x+w,y,x+w,y+r);ctx.lineTo(x+w,y+h-r);ctx.quadraticCurveTo(x+w,y+h,x+w-r,y+h);ctx.lineTo(x+r,y+h);ctx.quadraticCurveTo(x,y+h,x,y+h-r);ctx.lineTo(x,y+r);ctx.quadraticCurveTo(x,y,x+r,y);ctx.closePath();}\nfunction drawConveyor(ctx,x0,x1,yTop,floor,H,offset){var h=H*0.035;ctx.fillStyle='#D9D9D9';ctx.fillRect(x0,yTop,x1-x0,h);ctx.strokeStyle='#9A9A9A';ctx.lineWidth=1;ctx.strokeRect(x0+0.5,yTop+0.5,x1-x0-1,h-1);\n \/* belt marks moving *\/\n ctx.save();ctx.beginPath();ctx.rect(x0,yTop,x1-x0,h);ctx.clip();ctx.strokeStyle='#B5B5B5';for(var x=x0-20+(offset%20);x<x1+20;x+=20){ctx.beginPath();ctx.moveTo(x,yTop+h);ctx.lineTo(x+6,yTop);ctx.stroke();}ctx.restore();\n ctx.fillStyle='#9A9A9A';[x0+8,x1-8].forEach(function(lx){ctx.fillRect(lx-2,yTop+h,4,floor-yTop-h);});\n ctx.beginPath();ctx.arc(x0,yTop+h\/2,h\/2,0,6.2832);ctx.arc(x1,yTop+h\/2,h\/2,0,6.2832);ctx.fillStyle='#BDBDBD';ctx.fill();}\nfunction drawBox(ctx,x,y,w,h){ctx.fillStyle='#E6DCC8';ctx.fillRect(x,y,w,h);ctx.strokeStyle='#A08C6A';ctx.lineWidth=1.5;ctx.strokeRect(x,y,w,h);ctx.beginPath();ctx.moveTo(x+w\/2,y);ctx.lineTo(x+w\/2,y+h);ctx.stroke();}\nfunction drawInstruments(P,tc){\n var ctx=P.ctx,W=P.W,H=P.H,x0=W*0.76;\n \/* thermometer *\/\n var tx=W*0.875-2,top=H*0.05,bot=H*0.36,tubeW=Math.max(8,W*0.026),bulbR=tubeW*0.95;\n ctx.save();ctx.translate(tx-tubeW\/2-9,top+2);ctx.rotate(Math.PI\/2);ctx.font='700 10px '+FONT;ctx.fillStyle='#6E6E6E';ctx.textAlign='left';ctx.textBaseline='middle';ctx.fillText(T.jt,0,0);ctx.restore();\n ctx.strokeStyle='#9A9A9A';ctx.lineWidth=1.5;rr(ctx,tx-tubeW\/2,top,tubeW,bot-top,tubeW\/2);ctx.fillStyle='#FFFFFF';ctx.fill();ctx.stroke();\n ctx.beginPath();ctx.arc(tx,bot+bulbR*0.6,bulbR,0,6.2832);ctx.fillStyle='#FFFFFF';ctx.fill();ctx.stroke();\n var lvl=clamp((P.temp-20)\/90,0,1);var fy=bot-lvl*(bot-top-tubeW*0.6);var fc=tc.cool>tc.hot?cBlue:(tc.hot>0.05?mixc(cGrey,cRed,tc.hot):cGrey);\n ctx.fillStyle=rgb(fc);rr(ctx,tx-tubeW*0.28,fy,tubeW*0.56,bot+bulbR*0.6-fy,tubeW*0.28);ctx.fill();ctx.beginPath();ctx.arc(tx,bot+bulbR*0.6,bulbR*0.72,0,6.2832);ctx.fill();\n ctx.fillStyle=INK;ctx.font='300 10px '+FONT;ctx.textAlign='left';ctx.textBaseline='middle';[25,50,75,100].forEach(function(v){var y=bot-((v-20)\/90)*(bot-top-tubeW*0.6);ctx.fillStyle='#9A9A9A';ctx.fillRect(tx+tubeW\/2+2,y,4,1);ctx.fillStyle='#6E6E6E';ctx.fillText(v,tx+tubeW\/2+8,y);});\n ctx.textAlign='center';ctx.font='700 13px '+FONT;ctx.fillStyle=P.temp>=80?RED:INK;ctx.fillText(Math.round(P.temp)+' \u00b0C',tx,bot+bulbR*2.1+4);\n ctx.font='700 10px '+FONT;if(P.temp>=80){ctx.fillStyle=RED;ctx.fillText('\u26a0 '+T.derate,tx,bot+bulbR*2.1+18);}else if(tc.cool>0.25){ctx.fillStyle=BLUE;ctx.fillText(T.cool,tx,bot+bulbR*2.1+18);}\n \/* battery *\/\n var bx=W*0.80,by=H*0.60,bw=W*0.15,bh=H*0.065;\n ctx.strokeStyle='#6E6E6E';ctx.lineWidth=1.5;rr(ctx,bx,by,bw,bh,3);ctx.fillStyle='#FFFFFF';ctx.fill();ctx.stroke();ctx.fillStyle='#6E6E6E';ctx.fillRect(bx+bw,by+bh*0.3,3,bh*0.4);\n var lv=P.bat\/100;var bc=lv>0.5?mixc([217,164,0],[46,158,79],(lv-0.5)\/0.5):mixc(cRed,[217,164,0],lv\/0.5);ctx.fillStyle=rgb(bc);rr(ctx,bx+2.5,by+2.5,Math.max(0,(bw-5)*lv),bh-5,2);ctx.fill();\n ctx.fillStyle=INK;ctx.font='700 12px '+FONT;ctx.textAlign='center';ctx.fillText(Math.round(P.bat)+' %',bx+bw\/2,by+bh+11);\n ctx.font='300 10px '+FONT;ctx.fillStyle='#6E6E6E';ctx.fillText(T.bat,bx+bw\/2,by-8);\n}\nfunction drawCurve(P){\n var ctx=P.ctx,W=P.W,H=P.H,x0=W*0.04,x1=W*0.96,y0=H*0.955,yh=H*0.17,SC=380;var val=function(j){var v=P.live[j];return v==null?P.curve[j]:v;};\n ctx.strokeStyle=LINE;ctx.lineWidth=1;ctx.beginPath();ctx.moveTo(x0,y0+0.5);ctx.lineTo(x1,y0+0.5);ctx.stroke();\n ctx.setLineDash([3,3]);[PH[1],PH[2],PH[3]].forEach(function(ph){var x=x0+(x1-x0)*ph\/CYC;ctx.beginPath();ctx.moveTo(x,y0-yh);ctx.lineTo(x,y0);ctx.stroke();});ctx.setLineDash([]);\n var col=P.mr?RED:INK,n=P.curve.length;\n \/* ghost *\/\n ctx.strokeStyle='#D5D5D5';ctx.lineWidth=1.5;ctx.beginPath();for(var i=0;i<n;i++){var x=x0+(x1-x0)*i\/(n-1),y=y0-yh*P.curve[i]\/SC;i?ctx.lineTo(x,y):ctx.moveTo(x,y);}ctx.stroke();\n \/* progress *\/\n var k=t\/CYC,m=Math.floor(k*(n-1));ctx.beginPath();ctx.moveTo(x0,y0);for(var j=0;j<=m;j++){ctx.lineTo(x0+(x1-x0)*j\/(n-1),y0-yh*val(j)\/SC);}var xc=x0+(x1-x0)*k,yc=y0-yh*P.P\/SC;ctx.lineTo(xc,yc);ctx.lineTo(xc,y0);ctx.closePath();ctx.fillStyle=P.mr?'rgba(150,20,28,0.12)':'rgba(47,47,47,0.14)';ctx.fill();\n ctx.strokeStyle=col;ctx.lineWidth=2;ctx.beginPath();for(var q=0;q<=m;q++){var xq=x0+(x1-x0)*q\/(n-1),yq=y0-yh*val(q)\/SC;q?ctx.lineTo(xq,yq):ctx.moveTo(xq,yq);}ctx.lineTo(xc,yc);ctx.stroke();\n ctx.fillStyle=col;ctx.beginPath();ctx.arc(xc,yc,3.5,0,6.2832);ctx.fill();\n ctx.fillStyle='#6E6E6E';ctx.font='300 10px '+FONT;ctx.textAlign='left';ctx.textBaseline='alphabetic';ctx.fillText('P [W]',x0,y0-yh-4);ctx.textAlign='right';ctx.fillText('285 W',x1,y0-yh*285\/SC-3);\n ctx.strokeStyle='#E3E3E3';ctx.setLineDash([2,4]);ctx.beginPath();ctx.moveTo(x0,y0-yh*285\/SC);ctx.lineTo(x1-36,y0-yh*285\/SC);ctx.stroke();ctx.setLineDash([]);\n ctx.textAlign='center';ctx.fillStyle='#8A8A8A';for(var s=0;s<4;s++){var xm=x0+(x1-x0)*(PH[s]+PH[s+1])\/2\/CYC;ctx.fillText(T.ph[s],xm,y0+11);}\n}\nfunction draw(){\n var pz=pose(t),ph=phaseOf(t);\n phaseEls.forEach(function(el,i){el.className=i===ph?'on':'';});\n panels.forEach(function(P){\n  var ctx=P.ctx,W=P.W,H=P.H;if(!W)return;ctx.clearRect(0,0,W,H);\n  var G=geo(P),S=G.S,floor=G.floor,beltY=G.beltY,bw=G.bw,bh=G.bh,u=G.u,tc=tempColor(P);\n  \/* background + floor *\/\n  ctx.fillStyle='#FFFFFF';ctx.fillRect(0,0,W,H);ctx.fillStyle='#F2F2F2';ctx.fillRect(0,floor,S+W*0.01,H*0.08);ctx.strokeStyle=LINE;ctx.beginPath();ctx.moveTo(0,floor+0.5);ctx.lineTo(S+W*0.01,floor+0.5);ctx.stroke();\n  ctx.fillStyle='#F7F7F7';ctx.fillRect(W*0.75,0,W*0.25,H*0.74);\n  ctx.save();ctx.beginPath();ctx.rect(0,0,S+W*0.01,H*0.74);ctx.clip();\n  var belt=t*18,aL=G.xA-0.37*u,aR=G.xA-0.11*u,bL=G.xB+0.11*u,bR=G.xB+0.37*u,boxA=G.xA-0.215*u-bw\/2,boxB=G.xB+0.215*u-bw\/2;\n  drawConveyor(ctx,aL,aR,beltY,floor,H,belt);drawConveyor(ctx,bL,bR,beltY,floor,H,belt);\n  \/* box on belt A: arrives during return, waits for pick-up *\/\n  if(pz.box==='A'){drawBox(ctx,boxA,beltY-bh,bw,bh);}\n  if(t>=14){drawBox(ctx,lerp(aL-bw,boxA,smooth((t-14)\/1.6)),beltY-bh,bw,bh);}\n  if(pz.box==='B'){var bxB=boxB;if(t>=13.6){bxB=lerp(boxB,bR-bw-4,smooth((t-13.6)\/2.4));}drawBox(ctx,bxB,beltY-bh,bw,bh);}\n  if(t<1.4&&cycle>0){drawBox(ctx,bR-bw-4,beltY-bh,bw,bh);}\n  var R=drawRobot(P,pz,tc,G);\n  if(pz.box==='hand'&&R.hand){var hx=R.rx+R.hand.x,hy=R.hand.y-R.bob;var droop=(!P.mr&&P.temp>=80)?u*0.02:0;drawBox(ctx,hx-bw\/2+R.f*bw*0.12,hy-bh*0.5+u*0.03+droop,bw,bh);}\n  ctx.restore();\n  drawInstruments(P,tc);drawCurve(P);\n  \/* readouts *\/\n  P.pEl.textContent=Math.round(P.P)+' W';var e=P.E\/3600;P.eEl.innerHTML=e.toFixed(2)+' Wh'+(P.Elast?'<small>last cycle: '+(P.Elast\/3600).toFixed(2)+' Wh<\/small>':'');\n });\n if(panels[0].Elast&&panels[1].Elast){saveEl.textContent=T.save+Math.round((1-panels[1].Elast\/panels[0].Elast)*100)+' %';}\n}\nfunction loop(ts){if(!running)return;if(!last)last=ts;var dt=Math.min(0.05,(ts-last)\/1000);last=ts;if(visible&&playing){step(dt);draw();}window.requestAnimationFrame(loop);}\nfunction start(){if(running)return;running=true;last=0;window.requestAnimationFrame(loop);}\nfunction setPlaying(v){playing=v;playText.textContent=v?T.pause:T.play;icoPlay.style.display=v?'none':'';icoPause.style.display=v?'':'none';if(v)start();}\nplayBtn.addEventListener('click',function(){setPlaying(!playing);});\nroot.querySelector('[data-restart]').addEventListener('click',function(){t=0;cycle=0;panels.forEach(function(P){P.temp=25;P.bat=100;P.E=0;P.Elast=0;P.P=0;P.dT=0;P.live=[];});saveEl.textContent='';draw();setPlaying(true);});\nroot.querySelectorAll('canvas').forEach(function(cv){panels.push(makePanel(cv,cv.getAttribute('data-c')==='1'));});\nvar rt;window.addEventListener('resize',function(){clearTimeout(rt);rt=setTimeout(resize,120);});\nif('IntersectionObserver' in window){new IntersectionObserver(function(en){visible=en[0].isIntersecting;if(visible)start();},{threshold:0.1}).observe(root);}\nresize();if(!panels[0].W){setTimeout(resize,300);}\nsetPlaying(!reduce);if(reduce){draw();}\n})();\n<\/script>\n<h3 style=\"margin-top:32px\">Versus the spring-applied holding brake<\/h3>\n<p>Robot and gearbox manufacturers use spring-applied holding brakes for power-off holding today. Comparison in the 38 Nm class:<\/p>\n<div class=\"two\">\n<div class=\"table-wrap\"><table>\n<tr><th>Parameter<\/th><th>Spring-applied holding brake<\/th><th>INVENTUS WP D64<\/th><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Holding torque<\/td><td>38 Nm<\/td><td class=\"mr\">35.9 Nm<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Outer dimensions<\/td><td>\u00d8167.5 \u00d7 25 mm<\/td><td class=\"mr\">\u00d864 \u00d7 35 mm<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Envelope volume<\/td><td>0.55 L<\/td><td class=\"mr\">0.11 L<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Mass<\/td><td>3.1 kg<\/td><td class=\"mr\">0.70 kg<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Torque \/ volume<\/td><td>69 Nm\/L<\/td><td class=\"mr\">319 Nm\/L<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Torque \/ mass<\/td><td>12.3 Nm\/kg<\/td><td class=\"mr\">51.3 Nm\/kg<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Torque<\/td><td>On \/ off<\/td><td class=\"mr\">Stepless<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/table><\/div>\n<div class=\"facts\" style=\"grid-template-columns:1fr 1fr;margin:0\">\n<div class=\"fact\"><strong>4.6\u00d7<\/strong><span>torque per volume<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"fact\"><strong>4.2\u00d7<\/strong><span>torque per mass<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"fact\"><strong>\u221280 %<\/strong><span>envelope volume<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"fact\"><strong>\u221277 %<\/strong><span>mass<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p class=\"note\">Spring-applied brake: manufacturer datasheet. WP D64: measured braking torque. Volume: envelope cylinder from outer dimensions. 0 W holding: permanent-magnet version.<\/p>\n\n<h3 style=\"margin-top:32px\">More than holding: hold, dose, release, protect<\/h3>\n<div class=\"table-wrap\"><table>\n<tr><th>Property<\/th><th>Spring-applied holding brake<\/th><th>INVENTUS MR brake<\/th><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Holds without power<\/td><td>Yes<\/td><td class=\"mr\">Yes (permanent magnet)<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Power while the arm moves<\/td><td>Current needed to stay open<\/td><td class=\"mr\">0 W with switchable magnet<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Torque<\/td><td>On \/ off only, with a jolt<\/td><td class=\"mr\">Stepless 0\u2013100 %<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Engaging during motion<\/td><td>Emergency stop only<\/td><td class=\"mr\">Normal operation<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Load handover to the motor<\/td><td>Abrupt<\/td><td class=\"mr\">Smooth and controlled<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Overload (fall, collision)<\/td><td>Blocks or slips undefined<\/td><td class=\"mr\">Slips at the set limit torque \u2013 without damage<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Haptics and sensitivity<\/td><td>None<\/td><td class=\"mr\">Fine, stepless dosing<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/table><\/div>\n\n<h3 style=\"margin-top:32px\">Torque per volume<\/h3>\n<p class=\"note\">WP series: measured braking\/holding torque \u00b7 robot actuators: peak values according to manufacturers \u00b7 volume from published outer dimensions<\/p>\n<div class=\"bars\" role=\"img\" aria-label=\"Bar chart torque per volume: INVENTUS WP D64 319, WP D80 298, WP D91 275 Nm\/L; robot actuators 36 to 114 Nm\/L; spring-applied holding brake 69 Nm\/L\">\n<span><strong>INVENTUS WP D64<\/strong><\/span><div class=\"bar mr\" style=\"width:100%\">319 Nm\/L<\/div>\n<span><strong>INVENTUS WP D80<\/strong><\/span><div class=\"bar mr\" style=\"width:93%\">298 Nm\/L<\/div>\n<span><strong>INVENTUS WP D91<\/strong><\/span><div class=\"bar mr\" style=\"width:86%\">275 Nm\/L<\/div>\n<span>QDD actuator 9:1 (peak)<\/span><div class=\"bar\" style=\"width:36%\">114 Nm\/L<\/div>\n<span>Strain-wave gear actuator 101:1 (max.)<\/span><div class=\"bar\" style=\"width:32%\">102 Nm\/L<\/div>\n<span>Joint actuator 9:1 (peak)<\/span><div class=\"bar\" style=\"width:29%\">93 Nm\/L<\/div>\n<span>QDD actuator (peak)<\/span><div class=\"bar\" style=\"width:24%\">76 Nm\/L<\/div>\n<span>Spring-applied holding brake<\/span><div class=\"bar\" style=\"width:22%\">69 Nm\/L<\/div>\n<span>Direct-drive motor (peak)<\/span><div class=\"bar\" style=\"width:11%\">36 Nm\/L<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p>The advantage lies in installation volume and in permanent holding without power. In terms of weight (44\u201363 Nm\/kg), WP <strong>without<\/strong> gearbox reaches the level of good robot actuators <strong>with<\/strong> gearbox.<\/p>\n<div class=\"box\"><p><strong>Little material \u2013 low cost and energy:<\/strong> high torque density needs little iron, copper and powder. This reduces weight and material cost by factors \u2013 the more efficiently the material is used, the more economical the component. And the lighter the component, the less mass the robot has to lift and accelerate: it becomes more energy-efficient.<\/p><\/div>\n\n<h3 style=\"margin-top:32px\">Built and tested \u2013 and freely scalable<\/h3>\n<div class=\"two\">\n<div>\n<div class=\"table-wrap\"><table style=\"min-width:420px\">\n<tr><th>Size<\/th><th>Torque<\/th><th>Dimensions<\/th><th>Mass<\/th><th>Nm\/L<\/th><th>Nm\/kg<\/th><\/tr>\n<tr><td>WP D64<\/td><td>35.9 Nm<\/td><td>\u00d864 \u00d7 35 mm<\/td><td>0.70 kg<\/td><td>319<\/td><td>51.3<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>WP D80<\/td><td>60 Nm<\/td><td>\u00d880 \u00d7 40 mm<\/td><td>1.35 kg<\/td><td>298<\/td><td>44.4<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>WP D91<\/td><td>125 Nm<\/td><td>\u00d891 \u00d7 70 mm<\/td><td>2.0 kg<\/td><td>275<\/td><td>62.5<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/table><\/div>\n<p>Built and tested INVENTUS MR-WP actuators \u2013 values measured. MR actuators are freely scalable: diameter, width and torque are adapted to each joint, as torque grows with active area and radius. Slim MR actuators with approx. 20 mm diameter for hand and finger joints are in development.<\/p>\n<\/div>\n<figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inventus.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Humanoid-Robot-Detailed-View-ai-label-1.jpg\" alt=\"MR brakes in four sizes assigned to finger, wrist, elbow and shoulder of a robot arm\" width=\"1600\" height=\"900\"><figcaption>From finger joint to hip: one technology, every size (concept visualisation).<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<\/div>\n<\/section>\n\n<section id=\"safety\">\n<h2>Integration, overload protection and fail-safe<\/h2>\n<div class=\"two\">\n<div class=\"box\"><h3>A \u00b7 Output side<\/h3><p>Braking torque = joint torque (\u2248 38 Nm \u2192 WP D80).<br>+ Bypasses the gearbox: protects gearbox and torque sensor against falls and impacts.<br>\u2212 Larger, heavier unit in the arm.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"box\"><h3>B \u00b7 Motor side<\/h3><p>Braking torque = joint torque \u00f7 ratio (38 \u00f7 30 \u2248 1.3 Nm).<br>+ Small and light (only \u2248 1.3 Nm) \u2013 the lean energy-saving solution.<br>\u2212 The gearbox carries the load; no impact protection.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h3 style=\"margin-top:32px\">Integrated overload protection<\/h3>\n<p>Above the limit torque, the MR medium slips through without damage \u2013 the impulse goes directly into the housing, bypassing torque sensor and gearbox. The limit torque can be set by software; no reset is needed afterwards.<\/p>\n<div class=\"four\">\n<div class=\"box\"><h3>Torque sensor<\/h3><p><strong>Problem:<\/strong> strain-gauge sensors break under overload.<br><strong>MR solution:<\/strong> the brake limits the torque \u2013 the sensor stays within its measuring range.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"box\"><h3>Strain-wave gear<\/h3><p><strong>Problem:<\/strong> reflected inertia grows with i\u00b2 \u2013 an impact or fall can destroy the gear.<br><strong>MR solution:<\/strong> decoupling plus controlled damping; the energy goes into the housing \u2013 also during falls and power failure.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"box\"><h3>Human contact: inertia<\/h3><p><strong>Problem:<\/strong> even with the motor switched off, high system inertia can hit a person in a fault.<br><strong>MR solution:<\/strong> fast, stepless decoupling and defined braking \u2013 immediately ready again.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"box\"><h3>Human contact: malfunction<\/h3><p><strong>Problem:<\/strong> with a fully energised motor due to a malfunction, an arm has the striking force of a horse's hoof.<br><strong>MR solution:<\/strong> the MR brake is always designed stronger than motor plus gearbox and brakes this \"lash-out\" to zero.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n\n<h3 style=\"margin-top:32px\">Fail-safe by design: the safe torque is built into the hardware<\/h3>\n<div class=\"chain\">\n<div><strong>Normal<\/strong><br>Motor, MR brake and control active<\/div>\n<div><strong>Fault<\/strong><br>Power, control unit or sensor fails<\/div>\n<div><strong>Fail-safe energy<\/strong><br>Buffer battery, permanent or switchable magnet<\/div>\n<div><strong>Safe state<\/strong><br>Hold, damp, lock \u2013 or release in a controlled way<\/div>\n<\/div>\n<div class=\"three\"><div class=\"box\"><h3>1 \u00b7 Buffer battery<\/h3><p>Keeps active control for a defined time \u2013 e.g. to set the load down in a controlled way.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"box\"><h3>2 \u00b7 Permanent magnet<\/h3><p>Passive base torque without power, software or communication \u2013 instantly available.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"box\"><h3>3 \u00b7 Switchable magnet<\/h3><p>Bistable: switched by a short pulse, then stable without energy. Already tested: one 200&nbsp;ms pulse, 140 Nm \u2013 held without any energy supply.<\/p>\n<a class=\"proof mini\" href=\"https:\/\/www.inventus.at\/de\/inventus-mr-brake-wpa\/#pulse-test\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\"><span class=\"proof-media\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inventus.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/mr-brake-wp-pulse-test-video-still.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"1280\" height=\"720\"><span class=\"proof-play\"><\/span><span class=\"proof-tag\">Lab video<\/span><\/span><span class=\"proof-body\"><strong>Watch the pulse test<\/strong><span class=\"txt\">140 Nm from one pulse \u2013 video from our lab<\/span><\/span><\/a><\/div><\/div>\n<p class=\"note\" style=\"margin-top:14px\">\"Power-off\" is not automatically \"safe\": the safe state is defined per joint, designed for the worst case and validated. Redundant sensors, coils or electronics add further fault tolerance.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n\n<section id=\"hand\">\n<h2>The robot hand: many small joints \u2013 each must hold<\/h2>\n<figure><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" src=\"https:\/\/www.inventus.at\/wp-content\/uploads\/2026\/10\/Humanoid-Robot-Detailed-Hand-View-ai-label.jpg\" alt=\"Robot hand with glowing finger and wrist joints and a tendon-driven forearm in cutaway\" width=\"1600\" height=\"900\"><figcaption>Concept visualisation.<\/figcaption><\/figure>\n<p class=\"lead\" style=\"margin-top:24px\">A humanoid hand needs 5\u201310 independently holding actuators \u2013 highly dexterous hands up to 25. Per robot that means 10\u201320 brakes, in extreme cases up to 50. In hand and forearm, space and mass are extremely limited \u2013 this is where direct torque density without gearbox counts most.<\/p>\n<div class=\"three\">\n<div class=\"box\"><h3>Move<\/h3><p>The motor moves finger and tendon \u2013 efficiently, as it is built to.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"box\"><h3>Hold<\/h3><p>Grasped objects are held without continuous current \u2013 even during a power failure the hand does not let go.<\/p><\/div>\n<div class=\"box\"><h3>Yield<\/h3><p>Yields in a controlled way under overload \u2013 protects motor, gear, tendon and object.<\/p><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin-top:20px\">In a tendon-driven hand, the MR element sits in the forearm on the cable axis, where space is available: motor \u2192 pulley\/gear \u2192 MR holding element \u2192 tendon \u2192 finger. For wrist, thumb base and larger finger axes, a small ring-shaped MR brake directly around the joint axis is also conceivable.<\/p>\n<div class=\"table-wrap\"><table>\n<tr><th>Challenge<\/th><th>Contribution of INVENTUS MR<\/th><th>System benefit<\/th><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Long gripping and holding<\/td><td>Holding without continuous current<\/td><td>Lower battery consumption<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Motor heating at standstill<\/td><td>MR takes over the static torque<\/td><td>Less heat, less derating, smaller motors<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Power failure<\/td><td>Passive holding torque<\/td><td>Object is not dropped<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Different objects<\/td><td>Steplessly adjustable torque<\/td><td>Adaptive grip force and haptics<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Collision and overload<\/td><td>Controlled slip<\/td><td>Protects tendon, motor, object and people<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Extremely limited space<\/td><td>High direct torque density<\/td><td>Compact integration in hand and forearm<\/td><\/tr>\n<tr><td>Dynamic interaction<\/td><td>MR effect &lt; 0.8&nbsp;ms<\/td><td>Fast changes of haptics and impedance<\/td><\/tr>\n<\/table><\/div>\n<p class=\"note\">Transferring the torque density to very small finger actuators is being demonstrated in design and test. System response time also depends on coil, electronics and control.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n\n<section id=\"proven\">\n<h2>Proven in series \u2013 protected worldwide<\/h2>\n<div class=\"facts\" style=\"margin:0\">\n<div class=\"fact\"><strong>2 million km<\/strong><span>Steer-by-wire force-feedback actuator in real-world use \u2013 without degradation<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"fact\"><strong>&lt; 1&nbsp;ms<\/strong><span>Particle chains form \u2013 fast control of torque, haptics and compliance<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"fact\"><strong>Crash-relevant<\/strong><span>Energy absorbers in steering columns and adaptive seatbelt systems: controlled slip under load<\/span><\/div>\n<div class=\"fact\"><strong>SOP 2027<\/strong><span>A licensed INVENTUS MR actuator goes into automotive series production<\/span><\/div>\n<\/div>\n<p style=\"margin-top:24px\">Steer-by-wire and the robot joint share the same task: holding high torques without power and dosing them finely. INVENTUS MR technologies are protected by granted patents worldwide \u2013 a head start for market entry and a strong argument in a market that will be fiercely contested.<\/p>\n<\/section>\n\n<section id=\"prospect\" class=\"cta\">\n<h2>Prospect<\/h2>\n<p>Power-off, energy-efficient holding is a must for humanoid robots. The brakes needed for it must be combined with motor and gearbox into one fully integrated, compact and light component \u2013 which is only possible with brakes of high torque density and efficiency. In the hand, with even less space and weight, this matters even more.<\/p>\n<p>INVENTUS will be happy to work with you to develop the ideal MR brake for your robot joints \u2013 from finger to hip.<\/p>\n<a class=\"btn\" href=\"mailto:office@inventus.at\">Contact us \u2013 office@inventus.at<\/a>\n<\/section>\n\n<\/div>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-25 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-64b4232\" data-id=\"64b4232\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<section class=\"elementor-section elementor-top-section elementor-element elementor-element-c653957 elementor-section-boxed elementor-section-height-default elementor-section-height-default\" data-id=\"c653957\" data-element_type=\"section\" data-e-type=\"section\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-container elementor-column-gap-default\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-column elementor-col-100 elementor-top-column elementor-element elementor-element-16ca649\" data-id=\"16ca649\" data-element_type=\"column\" data-e-type=\"column\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-wrap elementor-element-populated\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-fb3c0d2 elementor-widget elementor-widget-spacer\" data-id=\"fb3c0d2\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"spacer.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer\">\n\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-spacer-inner\"><\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-9b3ab4b elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"9b3ab4b\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\n(function () {\n  var ids = [\"challenge\", \"state\", \"solution\", \"technology\", \"comparison\", \"safety\", \"hand\", \"proven\", \"prospect\"];\n  function update() {\n    var line = window.innerHeight * 0.4, current = null;\n    ids.forEach(function (id) { var sec = document.getElementById(id); if (sec && sec.getBoundingClientRect().top <= line) { current = id; } });\n    ids.forEach(function (id) {\n      document.querySelectorAll(\"#sidebar-\" + id + \" .elementor-button\").forEach(function (el) { el.classList.toggle(\"inv-active\", id === current); });\n    });\n  }\n  window.addEventListener(\"scroll\", update, { passive: true });\n  window.addEventListener(\"resize\", update);\n  window.addEventListener(\"load\", update);\n  update();\n})();\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-element elementor-element-a342ef8 elementor-widget elementor-widget-html\" data-id=\"a342ef8\" data-element_type=\"widget\" data-e-type=\"widget\" data-widget_type=\"html.default\">\n\t\t\t\t<div class=\"elementor-widget-container\">\n\t\t\t\t\t<script>\r\njQuery(document).ready(function($) {\r\nvar delay = 100; setTimeout(function() {\r\n$('.elementor-tab-title').removeClass('elementor-active');\r\n $('.elementor-tab-content').css('display', 'none'); }, delay);\r\n});\r\n<\/script>\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t\t\t\t<\/div>\n\t\t<\/section>\n\t\t\t\t<\/div>",
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        "rendered": "<p>MR Brakes for Humanoid Robots Holding without power \u2013 by INVENTUS Humanoid Robots Challenge State of the Art Solution Technology Comparison Integration &amp; Safety Robot Hand Proven in Series Prospect Patented worldwide The INVENTUS USP for humanoid robots Holds at 0 W. Reacts in under 1&nbsp;ms. Yields instead of breaking. No motor, gearbox or spring-applied [&hellip;]<\/p>",
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